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DESCRIPTION
Dysmenorrhea is severe, painful cramps during menstruation. Primary dysmenorrhea means pain has recurred regularly or within a year of two of the first (puberty). Secondary dysmenorrhea means pain began years after periods started. Women with dysmenorrhea are generally fertile. Severity of symptoms varies greatly from woman to woman, and from one time to the next in the same woman. Dysmenorrhea usually is less severe after a woman has had a baby. Menstrual cramps are painful aches in the abdomen, lower back and thighs that occur just before and during menstruation. Menstrual cramps are very common and affect most women at one time or another. These cramps vary in intensity from mild aches to sharp, debilitating pains in the lower abdomen that can radiate to the lower back and legs. Headache often accompanies menstrual cramps. Menstrual cramps usually last from a few hours to several days and ease as the cycle progresses.
FREQUENT SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
Cramping and sometimes sharp pains in the lower abdomen lower back and thighs. The pain starts at the onset of menses and lasts for hours to days.
Nausea and vomiting (sometimes).
Diarrhea (occasionally) or constipation.
Sweating.
Lack of energy.
Urinary frequency.
Irritability, nervousness, depression.
Fainting.
Headaches.
CAUSES
Strong or prolonged contractions of the muscular wall of the uterus. There may be caused by concentration of prostaglandins (hormones found in the cervix and uterus). Research shows that women with dysmenorrhea produce and excrete more prostaglandins than those who don't have as much discomfort.
Dilation (stretching) of the cervix to allow passage of blood clots from the uterus to the vagina in cases where the cervix is narrowed or constricted.
Other causes include:
- Pelvic infections.
- Endometriosis, especially if dysmenorrhea begins after age 20.
- Adenomyosis (an abnormal benign growth of the endometrium).
- Fibroids or other benign tumors of the uterus.
- Use of a intrauterine device (IUD)
Primary dysmenorrhea is caused by the following:
- Strong uterine contractions stimulated by increased production of the hormone prostaglandin by the lining of the uterus (endometrium).
- Anxiety and stress.
- Blood and tissue being discharged through a narrow cervix.
- Displaced uterus.
- Lack of exercise.
Secondary dysmenorrhea can be caused by the following:
- Endometriosis (inflammation of the lining of the uterus).
- Blood and tissue being discharged through a narrow cervix.
- Uterine fibroid or ovarian cyst.
- Infections of the uterus.
- Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).
- Intrauterine device (IUD).
RISK INCREASES WITH
Use of caffeine or nicotine.
Stress. The degree of dysmenorrhea may very according to general health or mental state. While emotional or psychological factors don't cause the pain, they can worsen it or cause some women to be less responsive to treatment.
Family history of dysmenorrhea.
Lack of exercise; poor diet.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Menstrual cramps can be prevented by eating a balanced diet, drinking plenty of water, getting regular exercise and reducing stress. If menstrual cramps occur, use heat (hot water bottles, heating pads and hot baths) to relax the muscles; drink herbal teas to soothe tense muscles and nerves; exercise regularly and empty the bladder as soon as the urge arises.
Take female hormones that prevent ovulation, such as oral contraceptives.
Treatment of the underlying cause.
EXPECTED OUTCOME
Symptoms can be controlled with treatment.
Symptoms improve with age and with childbirth. Symptoms are rare in post-menopausal women.
POSSIBLE COMPLICATIONS
Severe pain that regularly interferes with normal activity.
Infertility from an underlying cause.
TREATMENT
GENERAL MEASURES
Pelvic exam and a patient history may help suggest the cause of dysmenorrhea.
Initial treatment aims are to relieve pain. Long term goals of treatment involve treating any underlying cause with medication, counseling or possibly surgery.
Heat helps relieve pain. Use a heating pad or hot water bottle on the abdomen or back, or take hot baths. Sit in a tub of hot water for 10 to 15 minutes as often as necessary.
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator (TENS) treatment may help relieve pain.
MoonDragon's Health Therapy: TENS Therapy
Psychotherapy or counseling, if dysmenorrhea is stress-related.
Treatment as required, for the cause for the secondary dysmenorrhea.
Surgery may be recommended for women whose pain cannot be controlled by medications.
MEDICATION
For minor discomfort, use nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin, ibuprofen, or naproxen. Dosage recommendations are 800 mg to start, 400-600 mg every 6 hours.
Other medications that may be prescribed are anti-prostaglandins (for painful menstrual periods) and oral contraceptives, which prohibit ovulation. Estrogen or oral progestins (for example, norethindrone for 12 months brings relief in 80 percent of patients; however, there may be side effects).
In severe cases, hormones (e.g., gonadotropin-releasing hormone [Gn-RH]) can stop ovary function and relieve pain.
Antibiotics will treat pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).
HOMEOPATHY:
There have been few studies examining the effectiveness of specific homeopathic remedies. A professional homeopath, however, may recommend one or more of the following treatments for menstrual pain based on his or her knowledge and clinical experience. Before prescribing a remedy, homeopaths take into account a person's constitutional type. In homeopathic terms, a person's constitution is his or her physical, emotional, and intellectual makeup. An experienced homeopath assesses all of these factors when determining the most appropriate remedy for a particular individual.
- Belladonna - For acute menstrual pain that often resembles labor pains; pain is often described as sharp, throbbing pressure in the pelvis accompanied by heavy bleeding; pain may extend to the back and is generally tends to worsen with walking or moving.
- Chamomilla - For menstrual pain with mood changes including irritability and anger; pain may occur after bouts of anger and be relieved by warmth; the individual may have the sensation of a weight on her pelvis.
- Cimicifuga - For pains that move from one side of the abdomen to the other and that are worsened by movement.
- Colocynthis - For sharp pains accompanied by anger and irritability.
- Lachesis - For pain and pressure that extend to the back; symptoms tend to worsen at night.
- Magnesia Phos - For cramps or sharp, shooting pains that are relieved by warmth, pressure, and bending forward.
- Nux Vomica - For cramping pains that extend to the lower back; these pains are often accompanied by nausea, chills, irritability, and a sensitivity to light, noise, and odors.
- Pulsatilla - for menstrual pains accompanied by irritability, moodiness (including feelings of sadness), dizziness, fainting, nausea, diarrhea, back pain, and headaches; there may be more pain when there is no menstrual flow.
ACTIVITY
No restrictions. When resting in bed, elevate your feet or bend your knees and lie on your side.
Regular, vigorous exercise reduces discomfort of future periods.
Dysmenorrhea may be effectively treated with nutritional support and mind-body techniques such as meditation, yoga, and tai chi.
Relaxation techniques have been used with some success to alleviate dysmenorrhea in some young women. According to one preliminary study, the symptoms of menstrual cramps, nausea, irritability, and poor concentration greatly improved after 20-minute relaxation sessions twice per week.
The following methods can relieve pelvic pain.
- Castor oil pack. Apply oil directly to skin, cover with a clean soft cloth (for example, flannel) and plastic wrap. Place a heat source (hot water bottle or heating pad) over the pack and let sit for 30 to 60 minutes. For best results use three consecutive days in one week.
- Contrast sitz baths. Use two basins that you can comfortably sit in. Sit in hot water for three minutes, then in cold water for one minute. Repeat this three times to complete one set. Do one to two sets per day three to four days per week.
Acupuncture and spinal manipulation of the lower spine may be a useful therapy in the treatment of dysmenorrhea. Visit a qualified acupuncturist and chiropractor for these therapies.
ACUPUNCTURE: The National Institutes of Health recommend acupuncture as either a supplemental or alternative treatment for dysmenorrhea. This recommendation is supported by a well-designed trial involving 43 women with dysmenorrhea. Women treated with acupuncture showed a dramatic reduction in both pain and the need for pain medication. Acupuncture has become a popular treatment for dysmenorrhea. Acupuncturists treat people with dysmenorrhea based on an individualized assessment of the excesses and deficiencies of qi located in various meridians. In the case of dysmenorrhea, a qi deficiency is usually detected in the liver and spleen meridians. Moxibustion (a technique in which the herb mugwort is burned over specific acupuncture points) is often added to enhance needling treatment, and qualified practitioners may also recommend herbal or dietary treatments.
CHIROPRACTIC: Chiropractors report that some people with dysmenorrhea may benefit from spinal manipulation (particularly in areas that supply sensory and motor impulses to the uterus and lower back). Studies of women with a diagnosis or history of primary dysmenorrhea have found that spinal manipulation improves symptoms, but no more effectively than sham manipulation. Sham manipulation refers to maneuvers that shift soft tissues surrounding the bone but to not actually adjust the spine or joint. Sham manipulation has been compared to placebo because both procedures look and feel the same. Interestingly, however, experts are now questioning whether sham is a fair placebo because the massage quality of the manipulation may also have a beneficial effect.
MASSAGE: Therapeutic massage is helpful in reducing the effects of stress.
DIET
Reduce or discontinue consumption of any caffeine-containing beverages or foods. Reduce intake of saturated fats (meat and dairy products). Eliminate refined foods, sugar, dairy products, and methylxanthines (coffee and chocolate). Increase intake of fresh fruits and vegetables, proteins, and whole grains
Some health care providers advise that alcohol should be avoided by women experiencing menstrual pain, because it depletes stores of certain nutrients and alters the metabolism of carbohydrates - which in turn might worsen muscle spasms. Alcohol can also interfere with the liver's ability to metabolize hormones. In theory, this might result in elevated estrogen levels, increased fluid and salt retention, and heavier menstrual flow.
NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS
Vitamin B-complex supplements of 50-100 mg per day. These help relieve symptoms and reduce the effects of stress.
Herbal Remedies: Ultimate B (Vitamin B Complex), Nature's Secret, 60 Tabs
Herbal Remedies: Vitamin B-100 Complex, w/ Coenzyme B-2, Nature's Way, 631 mg, 100 Caps
The Niacin (Niacinamide) form of vitamin B-3 has been reported to be effective in relieving menstrual cramps. Recommended dosage is 100-200 mg of niacin, taken twice per day throughout the menstrual cycle. Then take 100 mg every two or three hours while experiencing menstrual cramps. Niacin can be combined with 300 mg of vitamin C and 60 mg of the flavonoid rutin per day, which increases it's effectiveness for relieving menstrual cramps. Niacin should be taken for seven to ten days before the onset of menstrual flow.
Herbal Remedies: Niacin Supplement (Vitamin B-3), 100% Natural, Nature's Way, 100 mg, 100 Caps
Herbal Remedies: NAD (Niacin), NOW Foods, 25 mg, 60 Lozenges
Herbal Remedies: Flush Free Niacin, Double Strength, NOW Foods, 640 mg, 90 VCaps
Herbal Remedies: Flush Free Niacin, NOW Foods, 250 mg, 90 VCaps
Herbal Remedies: Niacinamide Non-Flushing Niacin, 100% Natural Vitamin B-3, Nature's Way, 500 mg, 100 Caps
Calcium may help prevent menstrual cramps by maintaining normal muscle tone. Muscles that are calcium-deficient tend to be hyperactive and therefore might be more likely to cramp. Calcium supplementation was reported to reduce pain during menses and during pre-menstrual cramping. Some health care providers recommend calcium supplementation for dysmenorrhea, suggesting 1,000 mg per day throughout the month and 250-500 mg every four hours for pain relief, during acute cramping (up to a maximum of 2,000 mg per day).
Herbal Remedies: Calcium Ionic Mineral Supplement, Fully Absorbable, 700 +/- ppm, 16 fl. oz.
Herbal Remedies: Liquid Calcium W/ConcenTrace, Orange Vanilla, Trace Minerals, 1000 mg, 32 fl. oz.
Herbal Remedies: Cal-Mag Pre-Chelated Calcium & Magnesium, Vital Earth, 240 Gelcaps
Like calcium, magnesium plays a role in controlling muscle tone and could be important in preventing menstrual cramps. Magnesium supplements of 400 mg per day of magnesium throughout your menstrual cycle to promote hormone production and induce relaxation. Magnesium can be used at higher doses during your period, up to 600 mg per day for three days beginning on the day before menses begins. Combine with 300 mg per day of vitamin B-6 for pain relief.
Herbal Remedies: Magnesium Ionic Mineral Supplement, Fully Absorbable, 350 +/- ppm, 16 fl. oz.
Herbal Remedies: Just An Ounce Calcium & Magnesium Liquid, Almond Flavor, 16 fl. oz.
Herbal Remedies: Calcium & Magnesium Mineral Complex, 100% Natural, Nature's Way, 500 mg / 250 mg, 250 Caps
Diets low in omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) found in cold water fish have been associated with menstrual pain. Supplementation with fish oil, a good source of omega-3 fatty acids, can lead to a drop in menstrual symptoms. Fish oil that provided 1,080 mg of EPA and 720 mg of DHA per day for achieves this result. The same amount of EPA and DHA plus 7.5 mcg per day of vitamin B-12 can lead to a greater decrease in menstrual symptoms, but taking only fish oil does not obtain as much relief. Six grams of fish oil per day provides the approximate levels of EPA and DHA used in relieving menstrual symptoms. Essential fatty acids (Omega-3 and Omega-6 oils) can be found in flaxseed, evening primrose, or borage oil. These will reduce inflammation and/or support hormone production.
Herbal Remedies: Wild Salmon Oil Capsule, NOW Foods, 120 EPA/80 DHA, 2000 mg, 250 SoftGels
Herbal Remedies: Ultimate Oil, Essential Fatty Acids Supplement, Nature's Secret, 90 SoftGels
Herbal Remedies: Black Currant Oil, 500 mg, NOW Foods, 100 SoftGels
Herbal Remedies: Barlean's Primrose Oil, With Gamma Linolenic Acid (GLA), 1300 mg, 120 SoftGels
Herbal Remedies: Barlean's Flax Oil, 100% Highest Lignan Content, Organic, Pesticide & Herbicide Free, 16 fl. oz.
Herbal Remedies: Barlean's Flax Oil, Highest Lignan, 1000 mg, 250 Caps
Herbal Remedies: Omega 3-6-9 Oil, Mega EFA Blend, Lime-Flavored, Nature's Way, 1350 mg, 90 Softgels
Herbal Remedies: Omega 3-6-9 Oil, Mega EFA Blend, Lime-Flavored, Nature's Way, 16 fl. oz.
Herbal Remedies: Borage Oil With Gamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA), Barlean's, 60 SoftGels
Women suffering from dysmenorrhea can take took 100 mg of vitamin B-1 (thiamine) per day with a marked relief of dysmenorrhea symptoms. Vitamin B-1 deficiency is common in among alcoholics. It is not known whether vitamin B-1 supplementation would relieve dysmenorrhea in women who are not B-1 deficient.
Vitamin B-1 / Thiamine HCl (Hydrochloric Acid), 100% Natural, Nature's Way, 100 mg, 100 Caps
Supplementation with 500-800 IU of vitamin E per day beginning two days before menstruation and continuing for three days after the onset of menstruation is effective at relieving menstrual pain. Daily vitamin E in doses of 400-800 IU improves blood supply to muscles.
Herbal Remedies: Ester E Natural Vitamin E, California Natural, 400 IU, 60 Softgels
Herbal Remedies: Vitamin E, 400 IU, 100% Natural, NOW Foods, 100 Gels
Herbal Remedies: Vitamin E-1000, NOW Foods, 1000 IU, 100 Gels
Herbal Remedies: Vitamin E, D-Alpha-Tocopherol, 400 IU, 100 Softgels
Some practitioners report success using topical progesterone cream for dysmenorrhea.
Herbal Remedies: Natural Progesterone Cream, Liposomal Lotion, NOW Foods, 3 oz.
HERBAL THERAPY
Herbal teas may help reduce symptoms of dysmenorrhea for some women. Herbs may be used as dried extracts (capsules, powders, teas), glycerites (glycerine extracts), or tinctures (alcohol extracts). Teas should be made with 1 teaspoon herb per cup of hot water. Steep covered 5 to 10 minutes for leaf or flowers, 10 to 20 minutes for roots. Drink 2 to 4 cups per day.
Corydalis (Corydalis Turtschaninovii, Corydalis Yanhusuo) is often used in TCM for relief of dysmenorrhea. It contains several alkaloids, and one called tetrahydropalmatine (THP) is considered to be the most potent. In laboratory research, THP has been shown to exhibit a wide number of pharmacological actions on the central nervous system, including pain-relieving and sedative effects. Painful menstruation responds favorably to the administration of THP. For a pain-relieving effect, the recommended amount for the crude dried rhizome is 5-10 grams per day. Alternatively, one can take 10-20 ml per day of a 1:2 extract.
Herbal Remedies: Female Regularity, Shenrong Dingkun, 60 Caps
Female Regularity, Shenrong Dingkun is made of ginseng, deer horn, carthamus, millettia, notoginseng, common peony root, prepared rehmannia root, Chinese angelica root, atractylodes, wolfberry, scute, cyperus, mother wort, cnidium, de-glued antler powder, donkey hide glue and corydalis.
Herbal Remedies: U O Clear, Ovarian Cyst & Fibroid Support, 500 mg, 60 Caps
The herbs work synergistically to strengthen the body's natural capability of female systems self-cleaning functions, especially for uterus and ovary.
Herbal Remedies: Stop Bleeding Menstrual Regulation Remedy, TCM Formula, Sanqi Zhixie, 100% Natural, 400 mg, 60 Caps
Made of extracts from notoginseng, baked fossilized bone, Frankincense, myrrh, purple gromwell root, dragonis blood, pearl, deer horn glue, mentha, catechu, astragalus and corydalis, this time-honored formula is used in Chinese medicine to stop bleeding and pain and promote natural menstrual cycle.
Herbal Remedies: PainEase Analgesic Formula, 100% Natural, 350 mg, 60 Caps
Made of corydalis tuber and angelica root, this well-known formula is used in Chinese medicine for its tranquilizing, analgesic, antibacterial, and anti-hypoxia properties to regulate the Qi, promote normal blood circulation, protect mucous membrane of the stomach and to stop pain.
Herbal Remedies: Stomach Peace, TCM Formula (Ganweishu), 100% Natural, 400 mg, 60 Caps
In China this product is extensively used for gastritis, peptic ulcer, abdominal pain, hepatitis, cholecystitis, costal neuralgia, kidney stone, cystitis, epilepsy, neurasthenia, anti-shock, anti-arrhythmia, mastitis, otitis media, costal chondritis, obstruction of Fallopian tube, chronic annexitis, hyperthyroidism and impotence.
Cramp Bark (Viburnum Opulus) has been a favorite traditional herb for menstrual cramps, thus its signature name. Cramp bark may help ease severe cramps that are associated with nausea, vomiting, and sweaty chills. Cramp bark blocks spasms of smooth muscle. Cramp bark is traditionally prepared by placing two teaspoons of the dried bark into a cup of water and bringing it to a boil; it is then simmered gently for 10 to 15 minutes. The tea may be drunk three times per day. Alternatively, 4-8 ml of tincture may be used three times per day.
Herbal Remedies: Female Balance, NOW Foods, 90 Caps
Scientifically engineered to support the normal hormone function of today's active female with Wild Yam, Borage Oil, Dong Quai and folic acid, this perfectly balanced blend of potent herbal extracts and essential fatty acids (omega-3 and 6) may encourage normal menstruation, reduce the severity of cramps and support a healthy positive mood.
Herbal Remedies: Cramp Bark Comfort, Planetary Herbals, 800 mg, 60 Tabs
Planetary Herbals Cramp Bark Comfort combines these herbs with classic Chinese botanicals for supporting monthly comfort. Cramp bark is one of the most valued of all North American botanical calmatives and is especially useful for women.
Herbal Remedies: Fem Mend Female Supplement With Blessed Thistle, Nature's Way, 430 mg, 100 Caps
Fem-Mend Female Supplement from Nature's Way includes uva ursi, cramp bark and blessed thistle for a synergistic blend of herbs specifically for women.
Herbal Remedies: Natural Muscle Relaxant Tincture, 2 fl. oz.
The Natural Muscle Relaxant Tincture was created to relax muscles with a mixture of the following herb: Kava Kava, Cramp Bark, Ginger Root, Cayenne, Lobelia, Valerian Root, Red Clover.
Herbal Remedies: Cramp Bark Extract Tincture, Herbal Remedies USA, 2 fl. oz.
Cramp Bark is an antispasmodic for the reproductive system and colon. Cramp Bark sedates the uterus to help with menstrual cramps and threatened miscarriage.
Herbal Remedies: PMS Supplement With 5-HTP & Vitamin B-6, Nature's Way, 100 Caps
This PMS Supplement represents the powerful synergy of current scientific research and traditional herbal medicine.
Herbal Remedies: Endometriosis Herb Formula Tincture, 2 fl. oz.
Endometriosis herb formula for use with ovarian cysts. This formula is supportive for women who are at risk for endometriosis or who have endometriosis.
Black Cohosh has a history as a folk medicine for relieving menstrual cramps. Black cohosh can be taken in several forms, including crude plant, dried root, or rhizome (300-2,000 mg per day), or as a solid, dry powdered extract (250 mg three times per day). Standardized extracts of the herb are available, though they have primarily been researched for use with menopausal women suffering from hot flashes. The recommended amount is 20-40 mg twice per day. The best researched form provides 1 mg of deoxyactein per 20 mg of extract. Tinctures can are also used (2-4 ml three times per day). The Commission E Monograph recommends black cohosh be taken for up to six months, and then discontinued. Black cohosh should not be used during pregnancy.
Herbal Remedies: Black Cohosh & Red Clover, NOW Foods, 40 mg / 225 mg, 60 VCaps
Herbal Remedies: Black Cohosh Extract, Standardized, Nature's Way, 40 mg, 60 Tabs
Herbal Remedies: Black Cohosh Root, Nature's Way, 540 mg, 180 Caps
Herbal Remedies: Black Cohosh Powder (Cimicifuga Racemosa), 4 oz. Bulk
Herbal Remedies: Black Cohosh Supplement Tincture, 2 fl. oz.
Blue Cohosh, although unrelated to black cohosh, has also been used traditionally for easing painful menstrual periods and is used to regulate the menstrual flow and for treating suppressed menstruation. Blue cohosh, which is generally taken as a tincture, should be limited to no more than 1-2 ml taken three times per day. The average single application of the whole herb is 300-1,000 mg. Blue cohosh is generally used in combination with other herbs. Women of childbearing age using this herb should cease using it as soon as they become pregnant.
Herbal Remedies: Blue Cohosh Tincture (Caulophyllum Thalictroides), 100% Organic, 2 fl. oz.
Herbal Remedies: Blue Cohosh Powder, 4 oz. Bulk
False Unicorn was used in the Native American tradition for a large number of women's health conditions, including painful menstruation. False Unicorn is an excellent overall tonic and is mostly used for the treatment of female sterility. False Unicorn herb is strengthening to the female reproductive system, helps to prevent miscarriage, used in treating amenorrhea, painful and irregular menstruations, leucorrhea, morning sickness (in small amounts), and menopausal difficulties. Generally, false unicorn root is taken as a tincture (2-5 ml three times per day). The dried root may also be used (1-2 grams three times daily). It is typically taken in combination with other herbs supportive of the female reproductive organs (see some of the herbal compounds listed above).
Herbal Remedies: False Unicorn Root Extract Herb Tincture, 2 fl. oz.
Dong Quai has been used either alone or in combination with other Traditional Chinese Medicine herbs to help relieve painful menstrual cramps or dysmenorrhea. Dong Quai root is native to China and this herb is used extensively throughout the Orient, particularly by women for menstrual concerns and menopausal symptoms. Can be used with Astragalus and Ginseng (see TCM formulations and links below). Many women take 3-4 grams per day. A Japanese herbal formulation known as toki-shakuyaku-san combines Peony Root (Paeonia spp.) with dong quai and four other herbs and has been found to effectively reduce symptoms of cramping and pain associated with dysmenorrhea.
Herbal Remedies: Moon Cycle Tea With Dong Quai, Woman's Tea, Certified Organic, 16 Tea Bags
Yogi Tea Woman's Moon Cycle tea with Dong Quai is an organic way to regulate mood swings, cramps, and other minor symptoms of premenstrual discomfort.
Herbal Remedies: Dong Quai Root, Nature's Way, 565 mg, 100 Caps
Herbal Remedies: Dong Quai Root Powder (Angelica Sinensis), 4 oz. Bulk
Herbal Remedies: Dong Quai Root Tincture, 100% Organic, 2 fl. oz.
Herbal Remedies: Dong Quai (Tangui Ladys) Organic Herbal Tea, 20 Tea Bags
Herbal Remedies: Astragalus Root Powder (Astragalus Membranaceus), 4 oz. Bulk
Herbal Remedies: Astragalus Extract, Standardized 0.5% Astragalosides, Nature's Way, 60 VCaps
Herbal Remedies: Astragalus Root Tincture, 100% Organic, 2 fl. oz.
Herbal Remedies: Astragalus Root, Nature's Way, 470 mg, 180 VCaps
Herbal Remedies: Astragalus Immunity Herbal Tea, 20 Tea Bags
Vervain ( Blue Vervain) is a traditional herb for dysmenorrhea, however there is no research to validate this use. Tincture has been recommended at an amount of 5-10 ml three times per day.
Herbal Remedies: Blue Vervain Tincture, 2 fl. oz.
Herbal Remedies: Blue Vervain Powder, Alternative Health & Herbs, 4 oz. Bulk
Vitex ( Chaste Tree) may help relieve different menstrual abnormalities associated with pre-menstrual syndrome, including dysmenorrhea. 40 drops of a liquid preparation delivers the equivalent of 40 mg of the dried berries of the plant. Vitex and Black Cohosh can be combined at 30 drops each, twice daily, to reduce dysmenorrhea.
Herbal Remedies: Vitex Fruit (Chaste Tree), 400 mg, 100 Caps
Herbal Remedies: Chaste Tree Berry Powder (Vitex Agnus Castus), 4 oz. Bulk
Herbal Remedies: Chaste Tree Berry Supplement Tincture, 2 fl. oz.
Herbal Remedies: Femaprin Vitex Extract, Pharmaceutical Grade, Nature's Way, 425 mg, 60 Caps
Red Raspberry (Rubus Idaeus) tea strengthens uterine tissue. Red Raspberry Leaf strengthens the uterine wall and regulates menstrual flow. It nourishes the reproductive organs, especially the uterine muscles, and helps strengthen and prepare the body for childbirth. It is also highly valued for soothing and astringent properties to the stomach and intestinal tract.
Herbal Remedies: Yogi Tea Raspberry Leaf, Woman's Female Support, 16 Tea Bags
Herbal Remedies: Red Raspberry Supplement Tincture, 100% Organic, 2 fl. oz.
Herbal Remedies: Red Raspberry Leaves, Nature's Way, 480 mg, 100 Caps
Herbal Remedies: Red Raspberry Tea, NOW Foods, 30 Tea Bags
Tea of Chamomile (Matricaria Recutita) and Ginger Root (Zingiber Officinale) can help reduce ovarian cyst pain.
Herbal Remedies: Chamomile Extract, Standardized, Nature's Way, 345 mg, 60 Caps
Herbal Remedies: Yogi Tea Chamomile Tea, Organic, Caffeine Free, 16 Tea Bags
Herbal Remedies: Chamomile Flowers Herb, German Chamomile, Nature's Way, 350 mg, 100 Caps
Herbal Remedies: Chamomile Tea, Caffeine Free, NOW Foods, 30 Tea Bags
Herbal Remedies: Chamomile Tincture, 100% Organic, 2 fl. oz.
Herbal Remedies: Ginger Root, Nature's Way, 550 mg, 180 Caps
Herbal Remedies: Ginger Root Tincture, 100% Organic, 2 fl. oz.
Herbal Remedies: Ginger Root Powder (Zingiber Officinalis), 4 oz. Bulk
Herbal Remedies: Ginger Essential Oil, 100% Pure, NOW Foods, 1 fl. oz.
Herbal Remedies: Ginger Tea, 20 Tea Bags
Tinctures of Cramp Bark (Viburnum Opulus), Black Cohosh, Jamaica Dogwood (Piscidia Piscipula), and Wild Yam (Dioscorea Villosa) can be used together in equal parts to relieve pain and cramping. Use 20 drops every half hour for four doses, then as needed up to eight doses per day for seven days.
Herbal Remedies: Cramp Bark Extract Tincture, Herbal Remedies USA, 2 fl. oz.
Herbal Remedies: Black Cohosh Supplement Tincture, 2 fl. oz.
Herbal Remedies: Wild Yam Extract Tincture, Herbal Remedies USA, 2 fl. oz.
Rocky Mountain Herbals: Jamaican Dogwood Bark Tincture, Various Sizes Available
TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE (TCM)
Treatment of Dysmenorrhea with TCM Herbal Medicine: Dysmenorrhea is effectively treated with Chinese herbal medicine and acupuncture. The most important of the herbal menstrual pain relievers, Angelica (Dang Gui) and Corydalis Tuber (Yan Hu Suo) (See Herbal Supplements above), are either used in a single herb form or in combination with other herbs in a formula. Following are the most typical patterns of dysmenorrhea with the herbs most commonly prescribed to treat them:
- Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis Pattern: Abdominal pain before and during menstruation; menses of a purple or dark color, with small volume and blood clots; decreased pain after passing blood clots; purplish spots on the tongue; and a wiry-choppy-strong pulse. Herbs used: Aurantium (Orange) Fruit (Zhi Ke), Lindera Root (Wu Yao), and Cyperus Tuber (Xiang Fu) are used to regulate the Qi. Cnidium (Chuan Xiong), Persica Seed (Tao Ren), and Safflower (Hong Hua) are used to invigorate the Blood. One of the popular herbal formulas is BlockageEASE (Ge Xia Zhu Yu Tang).
Shaman Shop: Orange Fruit - Ripe (Zhi Ke), Powdered, 500 grams
Shaman Shop: Lindera Root (Wu Yao), Powdered, 500 grams
Shaman Shop: Min Shan Yang Rong Yen (Nourish Vibrancy Pills), With Cyperus Tuber (Xiang Fu), 200 Pills
Tonifies Qi and Blood, strengthens the kidneys, warms the uterus, regulates the Chong and Ren channels, Stops bleeding, calms the fetus.
Shaman Shop: Cnidium Root (Chuan Xiong) Granules, 200 grams
Shaman Shop: Peach Kernel (Prunus Persica; Tao Ren), Powdered, 500 grams
Shaman Shop: Safflower (Hong Hua), Powdered, 500 grams
Shaman Shop: Persica & Carthamus Combination (Ge Xia Zhu Yu Tang), 500 mg, 100 Caps
Shaman Shop: Persica & Carthamus Combination (Ge Xia Zhu Yu Tang), Granules, 100 grams
- Deficiency Cold Pattern: Abdominal pain during or after menstruation; feeling better when pressure and/or warmth are applied to the abdomen; pale, watery menses with small volume; soreness of the lower back and legs; long-drawn-out urination with a thin stream; a white tongue coating, and a deep pulse. Herbs used: Cinnamon Bark (Rou Gui) and Evodia Bark (Wu Zhu Yu) are two herbs that warm the pelvic area (uterus). One of the widely used herbal formulas is "Warming Menses Formula" (Wen Jing Tang).
Shaman Shop: Warm Cycle Teapills (Warm The Menses Decoction; Wen Jing Tang Wan), 200 Pills
Warms the uterus, dispels cold, dispels blood stasis, nourishes Qi and blood.
- Cold Dampness Pattern: Abdominal pain before or during periods; application of warmth reduces pain; dark-colored menses with blood clots; aversion to cold; cold limbs; white or white-sticky tongue coating; and a wiry-tight or wiry-slippery pulse. Herbs used: Cinnamon Bark (Rou Gui), Fennel Seed (Xiao Hui Xiang), and Dry Ginger (Gan Jiang) are three major "warm property" herbs that can remove Dampness from the system. StagnationEASE (Shao Fu Zhu Yu Tang) is a popular formula for this pattern.
Shaman Shop: Cinnamon Bark (Rou Gui Pi), Powdered, 500 grams
Shaman Shop: Fennel Seed (Xiao Hui Xiang), Powdered, 500 grams
Shaman Shop: Ginger - Dried (Gan Jiang), Powdered, 500 grams
Shaman Shop: Cnidium & Bulrush Combination (Shao Fu Zhu Yu Tang), 500 mg, 100 Caps
Shaman Shop: Cnidium & Bulrush Combination (Shao Fu Zhu Yu Tang), Granules, 100 grams
- Damp Heat Pattern: Abdominal pain before menstruation; aversion to heat; soreness and distension of the lower back; a feeling of heat in the abdomen or a low grade fever; menses that are sticky, with a dark red color and blood clots; a burning sensation when the menses flow out; yellow and sticky vaginal discharge; scant urine; a red tongue body, with a yellow-sticky tongue coating; and a wiry-rapid or slippery-rapid pulse. Herbs used: Coptis (Huang Lian),and Peony Bark (Mu Dan Pi) are two leading herbs for clearing Damp Heat. "Heat Clearing Blood Regulating Decoction" (Qing Re Tiao Xue Tang) is a very standard formula for this pattern of dysmenorrhea.
Shaman Shop: Goldthread Rhizome (Coptis Chinensis; Huang Lian), Powdered, 500 grams
Shaman Shop: Moutan Root Bark (Peony Tree Bark; Mu Dan Pi), Powdered, 500 grams
I was unable to find the Qing Re Tiao Xue Tang formula online. Consult with a TCM practitioner about obtaining this formulation.
- Qi Blood Deficiency Pattern: Abdominal pain after menstruation; dull abdominal pain; menses that are thin, with a pale color and small volume; tiredness; loose stools; pale complexion; pale tongue body; and a thin-weak pulse. Herbs used: Ginseng (Ren Shen), Astragalus (Huang Qi), Angelica (Dang Gui), and Rehmannia (Di Huang) are the leading Qi and Blood tonic herbs. "Chi Blood Tonic" (Ba Zhen Tang) is a time-tested formula for the Qi Blood Deficiency pattern of disease.
Shaman Shop: Ginseng Root Powder, Chinese Red (Panax Ginseng; Ren Shen), 1 lb
Shaman Shop: Ginseng Root Powder, Chinese White (Panax Ginseng, Ren Shen), 1 lb.
Shaman Shop: Astragalus Root (Huang Qi), Powdered, 500 grams
Shaman Shop: Angelica Root Head (Dang Gui Tou), Powdered, 500 grams
Shaman Shop: Angelica Root Tail (Dang Gui Wei), Powdered, 500 grams
Shaman Shop: Rehmannia Root - Raw (Sheng Di Huang), Powdered, 500 grams
Shaman Shop: Dong Quai & Ginseng Eight Combination (Ba Zhen Tang), 500 mg, 100 Caps
Shaman Shop: Dong Quai & Ginseng Eight Combination (Ba Zhen Tang), 500 mg, 100 Tabs
Shaman Shop: Dong Quai & Ginseng Eight Combination (Ba Zhen Tang), Granules, 100 grams
- Kidney Liver Deficiency Pattern: Dull abdominal pain after menstruation; sore back; menses that are pale, with small volume; dizziness; ringing in the ears (tinnitus); poor memory; insomnia; a flushed face; hot flashes; a dark-red tongue body; and a deep-thin pulse. Herbs used: Angelica (Dang Gui) and White Peony Root (Bai Shao) nourish the Blood and Liver. Cornus Fruit (Shan Zhu Yu) is a Kidney and Liver tonic. "Liver Tonic" (Tiao Gan Tang) is recommended.
Shaman Shop: Angelica Root Head (Dang Gui Tou), Powdered, 500 grams
Shaman Shop: Angelica Root Tail (Dang Gui Wei), Powdered, 500 grams
Shaman Shop: White Peony Root (Bai Shao Yao), Powdered, 500 grams
Shaman Shop: Dogwood Fruit (Cornus Officinalis; Shan Zhu Yu), Powdered, 500 grams
I was unable to find the Liver Tonic (Tiao Gan Tang) online. Consult with a TCM practitioner about obtaining this formulation.
MENSTRUAL CRAMPS (DYSMENORRHEA) SUPPLEMENTAL PRODUCTS
Information, supplements and products for menstrual cramps, painful aches in the abdomen, lower back and thighs that occur just before and during menstruation.
African Ginger, 100 mg, 60 Tabs
African Ginger is used for tension headaches, flu, sinusitis and pre-menstrual cramps.Black Cohosh Root, Nature's Way, 540 mg, 180 Caps
Black Cohosh is the most popular herbal supplement in Europe for women experiencing change-of-life (peri-menopause) symptoms. Black Cohosh provides isoflavones and other constituents that help support a woman's health during this phase of her life. Cohosh is also used by children and men for its other medicinal qualities.Chaste Tree Berry Powder (Vitex Agnus Castus), 4 oz. Bulk
Chaste Tree Berry (Vitex agnus castus) is ancient in European tradition for hemorrhage following childbirth and menstrual regulation, discussed at length by Hippocrates, Dioscorides and Theophrastus. A double-blind study, confirming other studies, showed Vitex to be more effective than vitamin B-6 in controlling PMS symptoms.Chaste Tree Berry / Vitex Tincture, Fertility & Herbal PMS Remedy, 2 fl. oz.
Chaste Tree Berry is an Herbal PMS remedy and a natural fertility herb. Trials have shown genuine effectiveness of Chaste Tree Berries for women suffering from infertility and irregular periods.Dong Quai Root, Nature's Way, 565 mg, 100 Caps
Dong Quai is often used in the treatment of menstrual cramps, or dysmenorrhea and PMS, hot flashes, and other menopausal symptoms. Dong Quai is thought to be more effective when used in traditional herb formulas, such as Dong Quai and Paeonia, and Bupleurum and Dong Quai, which are prescribed for treating certain menopausal symptoms, menstrual pain, fibrocystic breast disease, and pelvic inflammatory disease.Dong Quai Root Powder (Angelica Sinensis), 4 oz. Bulk
Dong Quai root (Angelica Sinensis), referred to as the 'female ginseng', is rich in vitamins and minerals and is one of the most widely used herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. It is effective for female disorders such as menstrual disturbances, PMS and hot flashes due to its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiseptic, bactericidal and vasodilative effects. The herb is also used to regulate menstrual cycles, relieve menstrual cramps and alleviate symptoms related to PMS.Dong Quai Root Tincture, 100% Organic, 2 fl. oz.
Dong Quai root is often used in the treatment of menstrual cramps, or dysmenorrhea and PMS, hot flashes, and other menopausal symptoms.Dong Quai (Tangui Ladys) Organic Herbal Tea, 20 Tea Bags
For maintaining normal gynecological functions, to regulate female hormone, cycles, alleviate cramps and mid-life hot flashes, and to prevent hair loss.Femaprin Vitex (Chaste Tree Berry) Extract, Pharmaceutical Grade, Nature's Way, 425 mg, 60 Caps
Femaprin's Chaste Tree Berry is unique formula combines clinically proven standardized Vitex Chaste Tree Berry extract with Vitamin B-6 to help alleviate the bloating, breast tenderness and mood changes associated with pre-menstrual syndrome.Gravel Root Tincture, 100% Organic, 2 fl. oz.
Today Gravel root is used for kidney stones, cystitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease. Because it encourages the excretion of excess uric acid, it is also used to treat rheumatism and gout.Hot & Cold Gel Pack with 18" Strap, Packaged in Plastic Bag, CorPak, 10" x 13", 1 Each
Treat your strains, sprains, tendonitis and other injuries with a CorPak Hot & Cold Pack. 10" x 13"Hot & Cold Gel Pack with 12" Strap, Packaged in Plastic Bag, CorPak, 6" x 20", 1 Each
Treat your strains, sprains, tendonitis and other injuries with a CorPak Hot & Cold Pack. 6" x 20"Hot & Cold Gel Pack with 18" Strap, Packaged in Plastic Bag, CorPak, 9" x 16", 1 Each
Treat your strains, sprains, tendonitis and other injuries with a CorPak Hot & Cold Pack. 9" x 16"Hot & Cold Gel Pack with 6" Strap, Packaged in Plastic Bag, CorPak, 3" x 5", 1 Each
Treat your strains, sprains, tendonitis and other injuries with a CorPak Hot & Cold Pack. 3" x 5"Hot & Cold Gel Pack with 18" Strap, Packaged in Plastic Bag, CorPak, 6" x 10", 1 Each
Treat your strains, sprains, tendonitis and other injuries with a CorPak Hot & Cold Pack. 6" x 10"Hot & Cold Gel Pack, CorPak Soft, 3" x 5", 1 Each
Treat your strains, sprains, tendonitis and other injuries with a CorPak Soft Hot & Cold Pack. 3" x 5"Hot & Cold Gel Pack, CorPak Soft, 6" x 10", 1 Each
Treat your strains, sprains, tendonitis and other injuries with a CorPak Soft Hot & Cold Pack. 6" x 10"Hot & Cold Gel Pack, CorPak Soft, 10" x 13", 1 Each
Treat your strains, sprains, tendonitis and other injuries with a CorPak Soft Hot & Cold Pack. 10" x 13"Hot & Cold Gel Pack, CorPak Soft, 6" x 20", 1 Each
Treat your strains, sprains, tendonitis and other injuries with a CorPak Soft Hot & Cold Pack. 6" x 20"Just An Ounce Calcium & Magnesium, Almond Flavor, 16 fl. oz.
Just An Ounce, Calcium and Magnesium Liquid can help with the development of strong bones and teeth, also prevents muscle cramping, risk of colon cancer, maintain regular heart beat, protects against osteoporosis and helps relax the central nervous system.Maca (Lepidum Meyenii) Tincture, 100% Organic, 2 fl. oz.
Today Maca is used to increase energy and support the immune system. Maca can help a number of conditions from fatigue to frigidity.Menstrual Cramping Formula Tincture, 100% Organic, 2 fl. oz.
The Menstrual Cramping Formula was developed to help alleviate menstrual cramps. It contains eight beneficial herbs.Menstruation Decrease Formula (For Heavy Menstruation), 100% Organic, 2 fl. oz.
Use Menstruation Decrease Formula for heavy menstruation.Motherwort Tincture, 100% Organic, 2 fl. oz.
Research has shown that Motherwort is able to calm palpitations and irregular heartbeat.Organic Breathable Panty Liner, Natracare, Regular Absorbency, 30 Count
Natracare chemical free panty liners are high quality products made from only pure and natural materials that are derived from plant cellulose.Organic Curved Pads, Natracare, Regular Absorbency, 14 Count
Natracare chemical free pads are high quality products made from only pure and natural materials that are made from plant cellulose. They are not chlorine bleached and are free of rayon, plastics and other similar synthetic materials that have a negative impact on our environment.Organic Curved Panty Liner, Natracare, Regular Absorbency, 30 Count
Natracare chemical free panty liners are high quality products made from only pure and natural materials that are derived from plant cellulose.Organic Night-Time Pads, Natracare, Cool Comfort Absorbency, 10 Count
Natracare chemical free pads are high quality products made from only pure and natural materials that are made from plant cellulose. They are not chlorine bleached and are free of rayon, plastics and other similar synthetic materials that have a negative impact on our environment.Organic Slender Pads, Natracare, Regular Absorbency, 20 Count
Natracare chemical free pads are high quality products made from only pure and natural materials that are made from plant cellulose. They are not chlorine bleached and are free of rayon, plastics and other similar synthetic materials that have a negative impact on our environment.Organic Super Pads, Natracare, Super Absorbency, 12 Count
Natracare chemical free pads are high quality products made from only pure and natural materials that are made from plant cellulose. They are not chlorine bleached and are free of rayon, plastics and other similar synthetic materials that have a negative impact on our environment.Organic Tampon With Applicator, Natracare, Regular Absorbency, 16 Count
Natracare tampons are made from only certified organic 100% cotton and are the only fully certified organic cotton tampons available in the world today.Organic Tampon With Applicator, Natracare, Super Absorbency, 16 Count
Natraca re tampons are made from only certified organic 100% cotton and are the only fully certified organic cotton tampons available in the world today.Organic Tampon Without Applicator, Natracare, Regular Absorbency, 20 Count
Natracare tampons are made from only certified organic 100% cotton and are the only fully certified organic cotton tampons available in the world today.Organic Tampon Without Applicator, Natracare, Super Absorbency, 20 Count
Natracare tampons are made from only certified organic 100% cotton and are the only fully certified organic cotton tampons available in the world today.Organic Tampon Without Applicator, Natracare, Superplus Absorbency, 20 Count
Natracare tampons are made from only certified organic 100% cotton and are the only fully certified organic cotton tampons available in the world today.Organic Tanga Panty Liner, Natracare, Regular Absorbency, 30 Count
Natracare chemical free panty liners are high quality products made from only pure and natural materials that are derived from plant cellulose.Peppermint Leaf Powder (Mentha X Piperita), 4 oz. Bulk
Peppermint leaf calms the muscles of the stomach and improves the flow of bile, which the body uses to digest fats. As a result, food passes through the stomach more quickly.Pre-Menstrual Support, TheraVeda Sahana, 60 VCaps
TheraVedas Sahana formula was developed to support a woman's body as she passes through the delicate phases of active fertile period.Red Raspberry Leaf Powder (Rubus Idaeus), 4 oz. Bulk
Red Raspberry Leaf is a member of the rose family, the fruit of the European Red Raspberry is a delicious food.Super Lignan, Herbal Estrogen Supplement, Nature's Way, 60 VCaps
EFAGold (TM) Super Lignan is an ideal herbal estrogen supplement for supporting breast health during the menopausal phases of life helping alleviate breast tenderness and pain associated with the menstrual cycle.Ultra Pads With Wings, Natracare, Regular Absorbency, 14 Count
Natracare chemical free pads are high quality products made from only pure and natural materials that are made from plant cellulose. They are not chlorine bleached and are free of rayon, plastics and other similar synthetic materials that have a negative impact on our environment.Ultra Pads With Wings, Natracare, Super Absorbency, 12 Count
Natracare chemical free pads are high quality products made from only pure and natural materials that are made from plant cellulose. They are not chlorine bleached and are free of rayon, plastics and other similar synthetic materials that have a negative impact on our environment.Vitamin C 1000 with Bioflavonoids, Nature's Way, 100% Natural, 1000 mg, 250 VCaps
Nature's Way Vitamin C with Bioflavonoids provides antioxidant protection for many of the body's important enzyme systems.Vitex Fruit (Chaste Tree), 400 mg, 100 Caps
Vitex is a woman's dietary supplement, traditionally used for menstrual difficulties. Vitex has been heavily researched in Europe. It is widely used to promote overall health and balance in a woman's life.Woman's Raspberry Leaf, Female Support, 16 Tea Bags
Our Organic Woman's Raspberry Leaf is a gentle and organic way to support the special needs of a woman's reproductive system.
NOTIFY YOUR MIDWIFE OR HEALTH CARE PROVIDER IF...
You or a family member has symptoms of dysmenorrhea that cannot be controlled.
Bleeding becomes excessive (you saturate a pad or tampon more frequently than one each hour).
Signs of infection develop, such as fever, a general ill feeling, headache, dizziness or muscle aches.
New, unexplained symptoms develop. Drugs used in treatment may produce side effects.
RELATED LINKS
NOTE: Bulk herbs are available through Mountain Rose Herbs and Nutritional Supplements are available through Herbal Remedies. Many hard to find herbal remedies and many TCM herbs and formulas are found with Shaman Shop. To find supplements not listed above, click on the links below:
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HELPFUL PRODUCTS & FURTHER EDUCATION
Prescription for Nutritional Healing: The A-To-Z Guide To Supplements
-- by Phyllis A. Balch, James F. Balch - 2nd Edition
Prescription for Nutritional Healing: The A-To-Z Guide To Supplements
-- by Phyllis A. Balch, James F. Balch - 4th Edition
Prescription for Herbal Healing: The A-To-Z Reference To Common Disorders
-- by Phyllis A. Balch
The Complete Guide to Natural Healing
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