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VALERIAN - HERBAL OVERVIEW
VALERIAN
Valeriana Officinalis L. Cat's weed, Moonroot, Blessed Herb, Capon's Tail, Garden Heliotrope, Garden Valerian, German Valerian, Great Wild Valerian, Heliotrope, Setwall, Tagara, Vandalroot, Vermont Valerian, Wild Valerian, European Valerian, Valeriana, Allheal, Common Valerian
VALERIAN PLANT DESCRIPTION
Valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.; family Valerianaceae), also known as garden heliotrope, valerian is a tall perennial herb with white or reddish flowers. It has a vertical rhizome with numerous attached roots, harvested in the second year. It is native to Europe and parts of Asia that have a moderate climate.
Valerian is one of the best-known herbs for promoting a good night's sleep and easing nervous tension. Valerian has been used for hundreds of years for treating panic attacks or nervous tension, and in fact, was named the "Valium of the 19th century." Its sedative effects were first recognized in the 17th century, and since then it has enjoyed a long history of safe and effective use. In Europe, Valerian is a leading over-the-counter tranquilizer. This herb is not addictive like the prescription drugs Valium and Xanax. Teas, tinctures, and/or extracts of this plant affect the central nervous system (CNS), and have antispasmodic, sedative, stimulant, antibacterial, and anti-diuretic properties. Its Latin name, Valeriana, means "well-being". In popular lore it is known as cat's weed or moonroot.
Valerian belongs to the umbelliferous family of plants. Growing up to 5 feet tall, this graceful perennial emits a spicy aroma and tastes slightly bitter. Remedies are often made from its cylindrical rootstocks, which spread via underground runners. It prefers moist soil - swampy meadows in particular - but it also grows on the plains and in the mountains, even at altitudes above 6,000 feet.
The roots tend to merge into a short, conical root-stock or erect rhizome, the development of which often proceeds for several years before a flowering stem is sent up, but slender horizontal branches which terminate in buds are given off earlier, and from these buds proceed aerial shoots or stolons, which produce fresh plants where they take root. Only one stem arises from the root, which attains a height of 3 or 4 feet. It is round, but grooved and hollow, more or less hairy, especially near the base. It terminates in two or more pairs of flowering stems, each pair being placed at right angles to those above and below it. The lower flowering stems lengthen so as to place their flowers nearly or often quite on a level with the flowers borne by the upper branches, forming a broad and flattened cluster at the summit, called a cyme. The leaves are arranged in pairs and are united at their bases. Each leaf is made up of a series of lance-shaped segments, more or less opposite to one another on each side of the leaf (pinnate). The leaflets vary very much in number, from six to ten pairs as a rule, and vary also in breadth, being broad when few in number and narrower when more numerous; they are usually 2 to 3 inches long. The margins are indented by a few coarsely-cut teeth. The upper surface is strongly veined, the under surface is paler and frequently more or less covered with short, soft hairs. The leaves on the stem are attached by short, broad sheaths, the radical leaves are larger and long-stemmed and the margins more toothed.
The flowers are in bloom from June to September. They are small, tinged with pink and flesh color, with a somewhat peculiar, but not exactly unpleasant smell. The corolla is tubular, and from the midst of its lobes rise the stamens, only three in number, though there are five lobes to the corolla. The limb of the calyx is remarkable for being at first inrolled and afterwards expanding in the form of a feathery pappus, which aids the dissemination of the fruit. The fruit is a capsule containing one oblong compressed seed. Apart from the flowers, the whole plant has a fetid smell, much accentuated when bruised.
Cultivation is from wild plants collected in local woods and transplanted to the prepared land. Preference is given in collecting to root offsets - daughter plants and young flowering plants, which develop towards the close of summer, at the end of slender runners given off by the perennial rhizomes of old plants. These should be set 1 foot apart in rows, 2 or 3 feet apart. The soil should first be treated with farmyard manure, and after planting it is well to give liquid manure from time to time, as well as plenty of water. The soil must be well manured to secure a good crop. Weeding requires considerable attention.
Propagation may also be by seed, either sown when ripe in cold frames, or in March in gentle heat, or in the open in April. In the first two cases, transplant in May to permanent quarters. But to ensure the best alkaloidal percentage, it is best to transplant and cultivate the daughter plants of the wild Valerian.
Although more often growing in damp situations, Valerian is also met with on dry, elevated ground. It is found throughout Britain, but in the northern counties is more often found on higher and dryer ground - dry heaths and hilly pastures - than in the south, and then is usually smaller, not more than 2 feet high, with narrow leaves and hairy, and is often named sylvestris. Valerian does well in all ordinary soils, but prefers rich, heavy loam, well supplied with moisture. The medicinal qualities of this form are considered to be especially strong.
PLANT PARTS USED
The rootstock (rhizome) of the healing plant is used in natural medicine. It is used fresh or dried, which is done at temperatures above 104°F.
Teas, tinctures and capsules. The chopped herb is combined with St. John's wort. Valerian powder is mixed with hops and/or lemon balm. Because of its often expressed unpleasant taste, most prefer to take it as a capsule or extract.
VALERIAN CONSTITUENTS / COMPONENTS
The root of the valerian plant contains various active medicinal agents. Approximately 5 percent valepotriate (the calming substance), 1.5 percent essential oil from Borneo camphor, formic and acetic acids, ascorbic acid, beta-ionone, calcium, caffeic acid, magnesium, manganese, quercetin, valeric acid, mucilage and tannins.
Although the active principles have been relatively unknown, German studies confirm valerian's effectiveness in treating restlessness and sleep disorders. Clinical trials have confirmed the use of valerian for treating insomnia, especially the insomnia that accompanies menopause. The advantage of valerian over tranquilizers such as Valium and Xanax is that it reduces sleep latency, the time required to fall asleep, without a period of bedtime drowsiness and without creating a "hangover" or grogginess the next morning. Valerian has greatest effect in treating chronic insomnia, rather than short-term sleeplessness. It also soothes the digestive system and may prevent cramping caused by irritable bowel syndrome.
VALERIAN HISTORY
Valerian has a long history of use in Western Europe as a sedative and sleep aid, with medicinal uses dating back to Hippocrates time (460-377 B.C.E.) for treating headaches, insomnia, nervousness, restlessness, menstrual problems, nervous stomach, and hysteria. In the U.S. valerian root is widely used in sleep aids and sedatives in various forms including teas, tablets, and capsules. Often, valerian is combined with other herbs traditionally known to promote sleep including hops, passion flower, lemon balm, chamomile, and lavender. The root must be dried at temperatures below 105°F (40°C) for its medicinally active compounds to form. In teas, it tastes sweet and spicy if somewhat bitter, but its odor is unpleasant. Ancient medical texts acknowledge the odor of the herb by calling the plant phu.
Two species of Valerian, Valeriana officinalis and V. dioica, are indigenous in Britain, while a third, V. pyrenaica, is naturalized in some parts. The genus comprises about 150 species, which are widely distributed in the temperate parts of the world. In medicine, the root of V. officinalis is intended when Valerian is mentioned. It is supposed to be the Phu (an expression of aversion from its offensive odor) of Dioscorides and Galen, by whom it is extolled as an aromatic and diuretic.
It was afterwards found to be useful in certain kinds of epilepsy. The plant was in such esteem in medieval times as a remedy, that it received the name of All Heal (Allheal), which is still given it in some parts of the country.
The plant is found throughout Europe and Northern Asia, and is common in England in marshy thickets and on the borders of ditches and rivers, where its tall stems may generally be seen in the summer towering above the usual herbage, the erect, sturdy growth of the plant, the rich, dark green of the leaves, their beautiful form, and the crowning masses of light-colored flowers, making the plant conspicuous.
Information and the above history about valerian was obtained from Botanical.com: A Modern Herbal - Valerian.
VALERIAN USES
In the 1970s, scientific human studies were performed on Valerian which lead the German Commission E to approve its use a sleep aid in 1985. This herb works well in treating depression, panic attacks, emotional stress, PMS, menstrual cramps, and despondency. It is also used for hypochondria, nervous headaches, migraine headaches, irritability, hysteria, and mild spasmodic affections. Valerian has been used to treat diarrhea, epilepsy, croup, convulsions, vertigo, nervous cough, delirium, neuralgia, muscle cramps, gas pains, stomach cramps, spasms, palpitations, gas, and colic.
Valerian has been used for more than 1,000 years as a tranquilizer and calmative for nervousness and hysteria. A popular natural tranquilizer, valerian is an excellent remedy for all forms of nervousness. It helps to alleviate anxiety and restlessness. It promotes sound sleep and is considered a remedy for insomnia. Its calming effects benefit those suffering from exhaustion or mental burnout as well. The herb also appears to have anti-convulsive properties. However, some people cannot digest valerian properly and may get headaches or feel nervous when using it. In these instances, another herb should be used.
The medicinal portion of the plant is the dried rhizome and roots. Most commonly available in capsules, the herb can also be used in the form of a tea, tincture, extract, or tablets.
To use valerian in a medicinal preparation, first crush the dried root in a mortar. It will have an unpleasant smell. A scant teaspoon of the powder is sufficient to make a cup of tea.
VALERIAN DOSAGE INFORMATION
For treating insomnia, the recommended dosage of Valerian Root is 2 to 3 grams of dried herb, 270 to 450 mg of an aqueous valerian extract, or 600 mg of an ethanol extract, taken 30 to 60 minutes before bedtime. For the best results, take this herb over an extended period of time. Try the same dosages for treating anxiety, or reduce the dose and take twice daily. Note: These dosages are meant to be used as guidelines. Always read product label directions before use.
METHODS OF ADMINISTRATION
VALERIAN SAFETY & INTERACTION INFORMATION
No significant side effects or contraindications are noted and is generally regarded as safe, however, if taken too frequently, or in excessive doses, it can cause headaches, spasmodic movements, or hallucinations. It is best to use Valerian no more than 2 to 3 weeks at a time. If you use valerian for several months, you may experience withdrawal symptoms (headache, insomnia, racing heart, and general grouchiness) if you stop using the herb abruptly. Reduce dosage of a period of about a week if you wish to discontinue using the herb. Valerian itself does not cause side effects, but it may increase the side effects of some of the older medications for insomnia, such as Ativan (lorazepam), Valium, (diazempam), or Xanax (alprazolam). Prolonged use of excessive doses can cause the symptoms of poisoning. In extremely high doses it can cause paralysis and a weakening of the heart. This herb enhances the action of other sleep-inducing drugs. Valerian, a mild tranquilizer of plant origin, should not be confused with Valium, which is a potent synthetic drug.
Avoid alcohol and do not drive or operate heavy equipment while taking this product. There is some controversy regarding whether it is safe for pregnant or lactating women. European Pharmacopoeias list no contraindication to use of Valerian root during pregnancy or lactation. However, as a general rule, caution and moderation are advised. Persons taking sedatives or antidepressants should consult their physician before taking Valerian. Should not be used by children under 12 years of age.
If sleeplessness persists continuously for more than 2 weeks, consult your health care provider. Insomnia may be a symptom of a serious underlying medical illness. Do not take this product if you are taking sedatives or tranquilizers without first consulting your health care provider.
VALERIAN SUPPLEMENTS & PRODUCTS
Herbal Remedies: Acne & Skin Disorders Formula Tincture, 2 fl. oz.
This herbal remedy for acne and skin disorders contains herbs that are helpful for eczema and psoriasis as well.
Herbal Remedies: Amantilla-Relax, Valerian Liquid Extract, Nutramedix, 30 mls
The valerian herb in Amantilla has been used medicinally for at least 2,000 years. It was included in many editions of the United States Dispensatory (Merck) since 1849, which reported the herb's effect on the nervous system. It is very effective in treating stress and anxiety. For some, Amantilla can also be used to induce sleep. Nutramedix, 30ml Amantilla Relax is an extract produced from the root of Valeriana officinalis, commonly known as valerian. Nutramedix, U.S. producer of Amantilla, utilizes a proprietary extraction and enhancement process that makes this product far more effective than any other Valerian product available.
Herbal Remedies: Beverage Teas - Rest & Relax, Yogi Teas, 6 Units, 16 Tea Bags
When stress and tension wear you down, seek the natural comfort of our Rest & Relax Sampler. These teas are designed to naturally help relieve stress and anxiety and get you back on track to a calm, balanced state of mind.
Herbal Remedies: Ex-Stress Formula With Valerian, Natural Stress Relief Supplement, Nature's Way, 430 mg, 100 Caps
Relieve stress the with an all natural stress relief supplement; Nature's Way Ex-Stress Formula with Valerian. Ex-Stress combines popular herbs like Valerian, Hops and Black Cohosh traditionally used to relax the body's systems and provide general health maintenance.
Herbal Remedies: Female Estrogen With Progesterone Tincture, 2 fl. oz.
Female Estrogen With Progesterone formula is used mainly to promote hormonal balance. It does not contain hormones, however.
Herbal Remedies: Insomnia Formula Tincture, 2 fl. oz.
The Insomnia Formula helps to bring on sleep and restfulness.
Herbal Remedies: Pain Formula Tincture, 2 fl. oz.
Use the Pain Formula to alleviate pain naturally.
Herbal Remedies: Silent Night Formula With Hops & Valerian Supplement, Nature's Way, 100 Caps
Relieve stress the with an all natural stress relief supplement; Nature's Way Ex-Stress Formula with Valerian. Silent Night Formula with Hops and Valerian Supplement is a time-tested herbal formula with key ingredients like valerian and Hops.
Herbal Remedies: Sleep Formula ZZZZZ Tincture, 100% Organic, 2 fl. oz.
Relieve stress the with an all natural stress relief supplement; Nature's Way Ex-Stress Formula with Valerian. The Sleep Formula ZZZZZ Tincture is used to assist with Nervous Disorders and to help induce and allow for restful sleep.
Herbal Remedies: True Calm Amino Acid Supplement, NOW Foods, 90 Caps
True Calm is an effective combination amino acid supplement synergistically blended with vitamins, herbs and other amino acids to support relaxation and a balanced mood.
Herbal Remedies: Valerian Extract, Standardized, Nature's Way, 510 mg, 90 Caps
Valerian root standardized to 0.8% Valerenic acid. A Premium on the nervous system. Valerian root extract promotes relaxation in persons leading a hectic lifestyle and helps support restful sleep without the side effects commonly associated with sleep aids. It was used and promoted anciently by 10th century Arabic physicians, it is still very popular in Europe and western Asia. Take 2 capsules one hour before bedtime. For daytime use: Take 1 capsule with water at mealtime.
Herbal Remedies: Valerian Glycerite Tincture, Alcohol Free, Mother Nature, 1 oz.
The root of this herb is used primarily as a mild sedative to calm restlessness and anxiety and overcome mild insomnia. Studies have shown that an extract of this herb can significantly reduce the amount of time it takes to fall asleep without changing the normal stages of sleep. It is also used as an antispasmodic, particularly for abdominal cramps due to nervousness and for uterine cramps and premenstrual tension. This herb is useful as a mild tranquilizer for people experiencing emotional stress and is sometimes used in place of anti anxiety drugs. Some herbalists have also recommended it for tension headaches, bronchial spasms, lingering coughs, and as a muscle relaxant to treat pain.
Herbal Remedies: Valerian Nighttime, Nature's Way, 265 mg, 100 Tabs
Clinically proven, Nature's Way Valerian Nighttime Valerian Supplement with Lemon Balm is a natural remedy for insomnia. Contains 0.2% Valerenic Acid with Lemon Balm. Proven effectiveness without side effects of synthetics. Promotes restful sleep naturally with your body. Unlike other sleep aids that may cause a tired feeling or lack of mental focus the next morning, Valerian Nighttime leaves you feeling refreshed and energized. Odor Free Valerian Nighttime's exclusive Dual Control coating naturally protects its active ingredients and locks out the pungent aroma of valerian. Take one or two tablets one hour before bedtime. Up to three tablets may be taken.
Herbal Remedies: Valerian Root Glycerite Tincture, Herbal Remedies USA, 2 fl. oz.
After numerous scientific studies, Germany's Commission E approved Valerian Root as a sleep aid. Beginning in the second century A.D., Valerian Root was used to treat insomnia. From the sixteenth century on, this herb has been used as a sedative in Europe. Use 30-60 drops in water or juice 2-3 times daily or as needed.
Herbal Remedies: Valerian Root, Nature's Way, 530 mg, 100 Caps
Valerian root has a relaxing effect on the nervous system, it promotes relaxation in persons leading a hectic lifestyle and helps support restful sleep. Valerian root was used and promoted anciently by 10th century Arabic physicians, it is still very popular in Europe and western Asia. Guaranteed natural potency of 0.1% Valerenic acids. Promotes relaxation from a hectic lifestyle. Helps support restful sleep. Take one to two capsules with water one hour prior to bedtime or prepared as a tea.
Herbal Remedies: Valerian Root Powder (Valeriana Officinalis), Alternative Health & Herbs, 4 oz. Bulk
Valerian root (Valeriana officinalis) contains many constituents, including essential oils that appear to contribute to the herb's sedating qualities. Contemporary clinical studies have demonstrated that Valerian significantly improves sleep quality without morning grogginess. Regular, moderate use produces neither dependency nor health risks. Use 1 teaspoon 2 to 3 times a day depending on condition.
Herbal Remedies: Valerian Tincture, Mother Nature, 1 oz.
The root of this herb is used primarily as a mild sedative to calm restlessness and anxiety and overcome mild insomnia. Studies have shown that an extract of this herb can significantly reduce the amount of time it takes to fall asleep without changing the normal stages of sleep. It is also used as an antispasmodic, particularly for abdominal cramps due to nervousness and for uterine cramps and premenstrual tension. This herb is useful as a mild tranquilizer for people experiencing emotional stress and is sometimes used in place of anti anxiety drugs. Some herbalists have also recommended it for tension headaches, bronchial spasms, lingering coughs, and as a muscle relaxant to treat pain.
Mountain Rose Herbs: Valerian Root (Valeriana Officinalis), Certified Organic, Bulk Herbs
Mountain Rose Herbs: Valerian Root Powder (Valeriana Officinalis), Certified Organic, Bulk Herbs
Shaman Shop: Valerian Combination Formula, Nature's Herbs, 100 Caps
Shaman Shop: Valerian Easy Sleep, Planetary Formulas, 120 Tabs
Shaman Shop: Valerian Super Calm Nerve Support Tincture, Herbs For Kids, 2 fl. oz.
Shaman Shop: Vertigo / Motion Sickness / Nausea, Herbal Extracts Plus, 90 VCaps
Shaman Shop: Stress-Free, Planetary Formulas, 90 Tabs
Herbal Remedies: Valerian Root Supplements & Products
Herbal Remedies: Valerian Root Information
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