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Threonine is an essential amino acid that helps to maintain the proper protein balance in the body. It is important for the formation of collagen and elastin in the skin, and aids liver and lipotropic function (fighting fatty liver) when combined with aspartic acid and methionine. Threonine is present in high concentrations in the heart, central nervous system, and skeletal muscle, and helps to prevent fatty buildup in the liver. It enhances the immune system by aiding in the production of antibodies and promotes thymus growth and activity. It is found in high amounts in newborns, and requirements seem to decrease with age yet increase with stress. Other nutrients are also better absorbed when threonine is present, and has also been used as part treatment of mental health. One gram of threonine twice daily may also be helpful in some cases of depression.
Sources
Threonine is somewhat low in corn and some grains, though it is not the limiting (that is, the lowest relative to making a complete protein) amino acid in these foods. There are good levels of threonine in most meats, dairy foods, and eggs and moderate levels in wheat germ, many nuts, beans, and seeds, as well as some vegetables.
Because the threonine content of grains is low, vegetarians are more likely than others to have deficiencies.
Threonine Deficiencies
It is a precursor of isoleucine and imbalance may result if the synthesis rate from asparate is incorrect.
In humans, deficiency may result in irritability and a generally difficult personality.
Dosage
The dosage listed is the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA), but be aware that this dosage is the minimum that you require per day, to ward off serious deficiency of this particular nutrient. In the therapeutic use of this nutrient, the dosage is usually increased considerably, but the toxicity level must be kept in mind.
People taking supplements normally take a dosage ranging between 103 milligrams and 500 milligrams daily.
RDA Requirement:
- Infant 3-6 months: 63 mg per kg of body weight
- Child 10-12 years: 28 mg per kg of body weight
- Adults: 8 mg per kg of body weight
Molecular Description
Threonine is another alcohol-containing amino acid that can not be produced by metabolism and must be taken in the diet. This amino acid plays an important role along with glycine and serine in porphyrin metabolism. Threonine is incorporated into proteins and enzymes at a molar rate of 6 percent compared to the other amino acids.
MoonDragon's Health Information: Nutrition Basics - Amino Acids Index
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