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Citrulline is a non-essential amino acid, meaning it need not be ingested because the body produces it.
Citrulline promotes energy, stimulates and assists with the immune system. This unusual amino acid is formed in the urea cycle by the addition of carbon dioxide and ammonia to ornithine. It is then combined with aspartic acid to form arginosuccinic acid, which later is metabolized to form L-arginine. Citrulline detoxifies the liver from ammonia, which is a waste product of the body from oxidation and damages living cells. Citrulline is found primarily in the liver in high concentrations.
Citrulline has been shown to speed recover from fatigue. It has also been utilized in the treatment of Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency and other Urea Cycle disorders.
Citrulline is not a component of any major proteins or enzymes.
Melon Rind May Hold Potent Cure
by HerbNet.com Ezine
26/02/03 - Could a cure to sickle-cell-related deficiencies lie in the rind of the honey-like bounty of Mediterranean summers? Scientists in the US would have us believe so with new research that suggests melon rinds contain citrulline, an amino acid that plays an important role in the human body's urea cycle.
Citrulline, an amino acid that removes nitrogen from the blood and helps convert it to urine, helps create arginine, another amino acid of which some people are deficient. According to Agnes Rimando, a research chemist at the US Agricultural Research Service (ARS), the recent study of melon rinds could lead to the production of rind-based extract or dietary-supplement products that address arginine- or sickle-cell-related deficiencies. In the urea cycle, citrulline combines with another acid to create arginine. Citrulline is a non-essential amino acid, meaning it need not be ingested because the body produces it. Amino acids - the body's building blocks - are produced when digestion breaks down protein. Disorders in the urea cycle can lead to a lethal buildup of proteins such as ammonia in the bloodstream. Arginine or citrulline are often recommended to address these disorders. Arginine boosts nitric oxide, which relaxes blood vessels and could consequently help treat angina and other cardiovascular problems. Arginine has also been credited with boosting muscle growth, improving wound healing, combating fatigue, stimulating the immune system, curing impotence and fighting cancer. Rimando maintains that the discovery came early during a study - in collaboration with plant physiologist Penelope Perkins-Veazie at a ARS laboratory in Oklahoma - that was aimed at determining the citrulline content of different watermelon varieties.
MOLECULAR DESCRIPTION
Citrulline exists primarily in the liver, where it is heavily involved in the urea cycle to detoxify and excrete ammonia. This unusual amino acid is formed in the urea cycle by the addition of carbon dioxide and ammonia to ornithine. Next, it is combined with aspartic acid to form arginosuccinic acid, which later is metabolized into the amino acid arginine. Citrulline is not a component of any major proteins or enzymes.
CITRULLINE DOSAGE
As a dietary supplement, 1-1/4 teaspoon (3 grams) two times daily, or as directed by a healthcare practitioner.
CAUTIONS
Doses higher than 6,000 mg (6 grams) may cause adverse effects.
Children should not be given supplemental amino acids. Consult your healthcare provider or midwife if pregnant, symptoms of nausea, diarrhea, or dizziness last more than a week, or if new symptoms appear.
CITRULLINE SUPPLEMENTS & PRODUCTS
L-Citrulline, High Potency, NOW Foods, 750 mg, 90 Caps
Citrulline is a non-essential amino acid that is an important intermediate in the urea cycle, functioning along with Arginine and Ornithine to rid the body of ammonia, a byproduct of protein metabolism.
Herbal Remedies: Citrulline / L-Citrulline Information
Herbal Remedies: Citrulline / L-Citrulline Supplements & Products
MoonDragon's Health Information: Nutrition Basics - Amino Acids Index
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