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BASIC INFORMATION
DESCRIPTION
Often referred to as quicksilver, mercury (Hg) is the only common metal that is liquid at room temperature. Alchemists, including the young Sir Isaac Newton, believed it was the source of gold.
Mercury is one of the most toxic metals - even more so than lead. A single drop of mercury on a human hand can be irreversibly fatal. A single drop in a large lake can make all the fish in it unsafe to eat. It is a dangerous corrosive element that can cause burns to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. It may be fatal if swallowed or inhaled. Harmful if absorbed through the skin. It affects the kidneys and central nervous system and may cause allergic reaction.
SAF-T-DATA(tm) Ratings (Provided here for your convenience)
Health Rating: 4 - Extreme (Life)
Flammability Rating: 0 - None
Reactivity Rating: 1 - Slight
Contact Rating: 3 - Severe (Corrosive)
Lab Protective Equip: GOGGLES & SHIELD; LAB COAT & APRON; VENT HOOD; PROPER GLOVES
Storage Color Code: White (Corrosive)
This poisonous metal is found in our soil, water, and food supply, as well as in sewage sludge, fungicides, and pesticides. Some grains and seeds are treated with methyl mercury chlorine bleaches, which seep into the food supply. Because methyl mercury contaminates our waters, large amounts are found in fish, particularly larger ones that are farther up in the food chain. An estimated one-third (or possibly more) of America's lakes and one-fourth of its rivers now contain fish that may be contaminated with mercury. Mercury is also present in a wide variety of everyday products, including cosmetics, dental fillings, fabric softeners, batteries, industrial instruments, inks used by printers and tattooists, latex, some medications (including vaccines), some paints, plastics, polishes, solvents, and wood preservatives.
Elemental (metallic) mercury (and mercury compounds) are a cumulative poison. There is no barrier that prohibits mercury from reaching the brain cells, and it is retained in the pain center of the brain and in the central nervous system. Its presence there can prevent both the normal entry of nutrients into the cells and the removal of wastes from the cells. It can bind to immune cells, distorting them and interfering with normal immune responses. This may be one factor behind autoimmune disorders. Exposure to excessive levels can permanently injure the brain, kidneys, cardiac and respiratory systems. Significant amounts of mercury in the body can produce arthritis, depression, dermatitis, dizziness, fatigue, gum disease, nausea, vomiting, hair loss, insomnia, headaches, joint pain, slurred speech, memory loss, diarrhea, muscle weakness, and excessive salivation. High levels can also interfere with enzyme activity, resulting in blindness and paralysis.
Elemental mercury can be absorbed through the skin (which is why you should never touch it if you should happen to come in contact with it, for example if you break a mercury thermometer and it spills). It can cause allergic reactions. Ingestion of inorganic mercury compounds can cause severe gastrointestinal toxicity. Organic compounds of mercury, such as methyl mercury are considered the most toxic forms of the element. Devastating neurological damage and death can result if even small exposures to these compounds occurs.
Health problems caused by mercury depend on how much mercury has been absorbed into your body, how long you have been exposed to it, how it entered your body and how your body has been responding to the mercury. People are at risk when they are exposed to spilled mercury and when they consume mercury contaminated foods (including fish) and contaminated water. The liquid form of elemental mercury can be swallowed without much fear because it does not easily penetrate the lining of the stomach and colon (though I suggest you don't try this and swallow it). On the other hand, liquid mercury vaporizes at room temperature, and when it is inhaled, the vapor moves right from the lungs to the bloodstream to the brain. A broken thermometer can release enough mercury vapor to poison the air in a room. Some cities and several states discourage the sale of mercury fever thermometers.
Mercury binds with other elements in salts and organic compounds of varying toxicity. Dimethyl mercury is a synthetic form of organic mercury rarely found outside a lab. A simpler organic compound called methyl mercury is of greater concern because the methyl mercury is the form found in fish. The methyl mercury in fish passes readily from the human gut to the bloodstream and on into all organs and tissues. It seems to act most powerfully on the brain because the compound is strongly attracted to fatty molecules called lipids, and the brain has the highest lipid content of any organ. Methyl mercury crosses the protective blood-brain barrier by binding with an essential amino acid that has dedicated carrier proteins for shunting it into brain cells. Once inside brain cells, some of it gets converted to an inorganic form that sticks to and disables many structural proteins and enzymes essential to cell function. It can destroy the biological function of any protein it binds to. A few drops of dimethyl mercury if exposed to the skin (with or without latex lab gloves) can produce flu-like symptoms, severe brain damage and death within a few months time after exposure, despite treatment.
Coal-fired electric utilities are the largest single source of mercury in the atmosphere. Burning makes 86 percent of total U.S. mercury emissions. Coal-fired utility boilers account for 34 percent; other big sources include coal-fired industrial boilers, burning of municipal, medical, and hazardous waste, and manufacturing.
SOFIA-SFRSF: Mercury - Can Control of Local sources Reduce the Risks? What are the Sources?
Mercury exposure in pregnant women, infants and children can cause neurological damage, such as lowered intelligence and delayed development. In addition, the mortality rate for infants is significantly increased when mothers are exposed to mercury. Even low levels of mercury exposure such as result from mother's consumption in dietary sources can adversely affect the brain and nervous system. Impacts on memory, attention, language and other skills have been found in children exposed to moderate levels in the womb. Children who have severe mercury poisoning can experience acrodynia, a syndrome characterized by peeling and pinkness of the skin on the hands, nose, and feet; blindness; increased heart rate; agitation; and pain in the arms and legs.
FREQUENT SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
Signs that indicate the presence of toxic mercury levels include:
- Impairment of the peripheral vision.
- Disturbance in sensations (pins and needles) and numbness usually in the hands, feet and sometimes around the mouth.
- Lack of coordination of movement, such as writing.
- Impairment of speech, hearing, walking.
- Muscle weakness.
- Skin rashes.
- Abdominal pain.
- Mood swings and behavioral changes.
- Depression.
- Confusion.
- Irritability.
- Hyperactivity.
- Memory loss.
- Mental disturbance, dementia.
- Metallic taste in the mouth.
- Loosened teeth and dental problems.
- These symptoms may occur within a few minutes, or take as long as 30 minutes to appear with toxic exposure to mercury.
- The symptoms of mercury poisoning can mimic those of multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, also known as Lou Gehrig's disease).
- Allergic reactions & Asthma. Many food and environmental allergies have may be directly attributed to mercury poisoning.
- The U.E. Environmental Protection Agency has linked exposure to mercury vapor to menstrual disorders and spontaneous abortion (miscarriage).
- Mercury exposure in pregnant women can cause neurological damage, such as lowered intelligence and delayed development in infants. In addition, the mortality rate for infants is significantly increased when mothers are exposed to mercury.
- Children who have severe mercury poisoning can experience:
- Acrodynia, a syndrome characterized by peeling and pinkness of the skin on the hands, nose, and feet.
- Blindness.
- Increased heart rate.
- Agitation.
- Pain in the arms and legs.
- Mental retardation.
- Cerebral Palsy.
- Deafness.
- Death
POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS (MSDS Sheet: Mercury)
Inhalation: Mercury vapor is highly toxic via this route. Causes severe respiratory tract damage. Symptoms include sore throat, coughing, pain, tightness in chest, breathing difficulties, shortness of breath, headache, muscle weakness, anorexia, gastrointestinal disturbance, ringing in the ear, liver changes, fever, bronchitis and pneumonitis. Can be absorbed through inhalation with symptoms similar to ingestion.
Ingestion: May cause burning of the mouth and pharynx, abdominal pain, vomiting, corrosive ulceration, bloody diarrhea. May be followed by a rapid and weak pulse, shallow breathing, paleness, exhaustion, tremors and collapse. Delayed death may occur from renal failure. Gastrointestinal uptake of mercury is less than 5% but its ability to penetrate tissues presents some hazard. Initial symptoms may be thirst, possible abdominal discomfort.
Skin Contact: Causes irritation and burns to skin. Symptoms include redness and pain. May cause skin allergy and sensitization. Can be absorbed through the skin with symptoms to parallel ingestion.
Eye Contact: Causes irritation and burns to eyes. Symptoms include redness, pain, blurred vision; may cause serious and permanent eye damage.
Chronic Exposure: Chronic exposure through any route can produce central nervous system damage. May cause muscle tremors, personality and behavior changes, memory loss, metallic taste, loosening of the teeth, digestive disorders, skin rashes, brain damage and kidney damage. Can cause skin allergies and accumulate in the body. Repeated skin contact can cause the skin to turn gray in color. A suspected reproductive hazard; may damage the developing fetus and decrease fertility in males and females.
Aggravation of Pre-existing Conditions: Persons with nervous disorders, or impaired kidney or respiratory function, or a history of allergies or a known sensitization to mercury may be more susceptible to the effects of the substance.
FIRST AID MEASURES
Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention immediately.
Ingestion: Induce vomiting immediately as directed by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical attention immediately.
Skin Contact: Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical attention immediately. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse.
Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting lower and upper eyelids occasionally. Get medical attention immediately.
FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
Fire & Explosion: Not considered to be a fire or an explosion hazard.
Fire Extinguishing Media: Use any means suitable for extinguishing surrounding fire. Do not allow water runoff to enter sewers or waterways.
Special Information: In the event of a fire, wear full protective clothing and NIOSH-approved self-contained breathing apparatus with full face piece operated in the pressure demand or other positive pressure mode. Undergoes hazardous reactions in the presence of heat and sparks or ignition. Smoke may contain toxic mercury or mercuric oxide. Smoke may contain toxic mercury or mercuric oxide.
ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
Accidental Release Measures: Ventilate area of leak or spill. Clean-up personnel require protective clothing and respiratory protection from vapor.
Spills: Pick up and place in a suitable container for reclamation or disposal in a method that does not generate misting. Sprinkle area with sulfur or calcium polysulfide to suppress mercury. Do not flush to sewer. US Regulations (CERCLA) require reporting spills and releases to s oil, water and air in excess of reportable quantities. The toll free number for the US Coast Guard National Response Center is (800) 424-8802. J. T. Baker CINNASORB® and RESISORB® are recommended for spills of this product.
HANDLING & STORAGE
Handling and Storage: Keep in a tightly closed container, stored in a cool, dry, ventilated area. Protect against physical damage. Isolate from any source of heat or ignition. Do not use or store on porous work surfaces (wood, unsealed concrete, etc.). Follow strict hygiene practices. Containers of this material may be hazardous when empty since they retain product residues (vapors, liquid); observe all warnings and precautions listed for the product.
FOR MORE INFORMATION FROM THE MSDS SAFETY SHEET:
CAUSES
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), amalgam dental fillings are a prime source of mercury exposure. More than 180 million Americans have mercury amalgam dental fillings. When dentists refer to "silver" fillings, they are usually referring to amalgams, which are silver in color but actually contain approximately 50 percent mercury, 25 percent silver, and 25 percent other materials, such as copper, tin, and nickel. While all the metals used in fillings can be toxic, none is as harmful as the mercury. One amalgam filling can release 3 to 17 micrograms of mercury each day. The mercury vapor released from dental amalgams combines with chemicals in the mouth to create minute amounts of toxic methyl mercury, which is absorbed through the tissues of the mouth and air passages and transported in the blood to the brain and other body tissues. Many people have suffered from various health problems, including candidiasis, muscle spasms, chronic fatigue, and recurring infections - that cleared up after they had their amalgam dental fillings removed.
All mercury spills, regardless of quantity, should be treated seriously. Metallic mercury slowly evaporates when exposed to the air. The air in a room can reach contamination levels just from the mercury in a broken thermometer. Mercury in school labs should be handled with care and stored safely and securely.
Mercury is a by-product of many industrial processes. In the United States coal-fired power plants alone pump about 50 tons of it into the air each year. Over a decade, mercury pollution has ballooned from an obscure concern into a pressing environmental problem. Almost every list of dangerous air pollutants now mentions the silvery, liquid metal that, like uranium, plutonium and neptunium. Mercury pollution is released into the air from the burning of fossil fuels. It falls down directly onto waterways or is deposited on land where it can be washed into the water. Bacteria in the water cause chemical changes that transform mercury into a highly toxic form - methyl mercury. Methyl mercury accumulates in shellfish, seals, whales and fish, with larger fish generally accumulating higher levels of methyl mercury. Big predators such as albacore tuna, shark, and swordfish, can have 100 times for mercury in their tissues than smaller fish do. Because they are large, long-lived predators, tuna accumulate more mercury in their tissue than smaller, short-lived fish. When tested for mercury in parts per million, flesh from albacore tuna, which take five years to mature, was shown to contain about four times as much mercury as chunk light tuna, which is harvested from younger fish.
The warning comes too late for many mothers. A nationwide survey by the Centers for Disease Control shows that one in 12 women of childbearing age already have unsafe blood levels of mercury and that as many as 600,000 babies in the United States could be at risk. Data now suggest effects might occur at levels lower than anyone suspected. Some studies show that children who were exposed to tiny amounts of mercury in utero have slower reflexes, language deficits, and shortened attention spans. In adults, recent studies show a possible link between heart disease and mercury ingested from eating fish. Other groups claim mercury exposure is responsible for Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's, and the escalating rate of autism.
If you are pregnant or could become pregnant, are nursing a baby, or if you are feeding a young child, you should limit consumption of freshwater fish caught by family and friends to one meal per week. For adults one meal is six ounces of cooked fish or eight ounces uncooked fish; for a young child one meal is two ounces cooked fish or three ounces uncooked fish. Many states collect data on mercury levels in fish from local waters and issue fish consumption advisories.
Thimerosal (a neurotoxin mercury based preservative) is found in all required vaccines, from schools to medical staff and flu shots. The World Health Organization (WHO) has urged the CDC against the banning of Thimerosal in U.S. vaccines since that prohibition might discredit WHO's third world inoculation programs. WHO, with U.S. funding is now injecting children in developing countries with the same amounts of Thimerosal we were giving American kids at their highest exposures, but in a shorter time period. Published research (March 1, 2006) shows neurodevelopmental disorders in children has decreased following removal of thimerosal from American childhood vaccines. If you feel you must vaccinate your child, be sure to request thimerosal-free vaccines.
RISK INCREASES WITH
Mercury Spills & Mercury-Chemical Exposure: All mercury spills, regardless of quantity, should be treated seriously. Metallic mercury slowly evaporates when exposed to the air. The air in a room can reach contamination levels just from the mercury in a broken thermometer. Mercury in school labs or at home should be handled with care and stored safely and securely. All chemicals and products should be carefully handled to prevent accidental exposure.
The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) has issued a warning to consumers to inform them of the dangers of inhaling mercury vapors. Certain ethnic and religious customs involve using a product called Azogue, which in reality is metallic mercury. This product is sold in herb shops, or botanicas. Azogue is sprinkled throughout the home for religious purposes. The CPSC suggests immediate removal of the mercury if it has been sprinkled in the home, but removal must be done in the proper way to avoid making the danger worse. Call your local health department for information on the correct procedure for mercury removal.
Mercury Pollution: Mercury pollution is released into the air from the burning of fossil fuels. It falls down directly onto waterways or is deposited on land where it can be washed into the water. Bacteria in the water cause chemical changes that transform mercury into a highly toxic form - methyl mercury. For more information on freshwater fish consumption advisories across the country, go to http://map1.epa.gov/.
How are Diets Related to Toxic Heavy Metal Contamination? By BibleLife.org
Vegetarians will have you believe that eating fish, red meat, fowl and cheese greatly increases the risk of becoming contaminated with toxic heavy metals. They cite examples like mercury in ocean fish or cows eating grass that has been contaminated by agriculture chemicals. They sometimes cite examples of pesticides and herbicides being ingested as the source of heavy metal in supermarket meats.
This is not the case. Actually, vegetarians are much more likely to be contaminated by toxic heavy metals for proven scientific reasons. Fruit, vegetables, legumes, nuts and seeds commonly eaten by vegetarians can become easily contaminated by heavy metals occurring naturally in the soil or the air. Vegetarians are placed at higher risk because their diet contains fewer natural chelators than does the diet of meat-eaters as we shall see below. Whole grains and other high-carbohydrate foods hold toxic metal ions for release within the body. The high level of carbohydrates in the diet results in a heavy load of glucose in the blood, and glucose has no chelating properties. The high level of glucose causes a rise in insulin which is a powerful anabolic hormone. The insulin forces glucose into the cells, turns excess glucose into triglycerides and deposits the triglycerides in the body as saturated fats. The anabolic nature of insulin opposes the catabolic nature of chelators. Eating meat detoxes heavy metals from the body naturally using amino acids, but eating fruit and whole grains cause the accumulation of heavy metals and prevents their discharge.
Metallothioneins (MTs) are a family of cysteine-rich, low molecular weight, metal-binding proteins that are synthesized within cells of the body naturally. MTs regulate the levels of zinc, copper and selenium and bind to, or detox, cadmium, mercury, platinum and silver. MTs prevent reactive oxygen species (ROS or free radical ions such as heavy metals) from attacking the cell membrane lipids, mitochondrial DNA and damaging the ATP (energy) generation structure of the cell. This is also known as oxidative stress. Free radical attack of the cell DNA causes cancer. The production of MTs is dependent on the availability of dietary minerals such as zinc, copper and selenium, and the amino acids histidine and cysteine. A deficiency of these minerals and amino acids leads to a deficiency of metallothioneins and the accumulation of heavy metals. The vegetarian diet is naturally deficient in zinc and amino acids thereby leading to a deficiency of protective metallothioneins resulting in heavy metal accumulation in adults and autism in infants. A diet to increase metallothioneins and reduce heavy metals contamination in children would certainly be beneficial, but the mother's poor diet during pregnancy has already done extensive damage to the baby's brain. For more information about this viewpoint see the link below:
Note: MoonDragon.org does not necessarily agree with all viewpoints provided in the information and/or links on this page. However, links are provided for research purposes to our website visitors. If you have questions about nutrition, chelation or any other treatment or therapy, discuss it with your health care provider and follow the plan set up by your provider.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Methyl mercury accumulates in fish, with larger fish generally accumulating higher levels of methyl mercury. If you are pregnant or could become pregnant, are nursing a baby, or if you are feeding a young child, you should limit consumption of freshwater fish caught by family and friends to one meal per week. For adults one meal is six ounces of cooked fish or eight ounces uncooked fish; for a young child one meal is two ounces cooked fish or three ounces uncooked fish. Many states collect data on mercury levels in fish from local waters and issue fish consumption advisories.
Become an informed consumer and aware of how you handle potentially hazardous chemicals at home and on the job. Read MSDS sheets about chemicals and chemical exposure. Avoid any cosmetics, cleaning supplies, paints, tooth fillings, or other products that contain mercury. Research choices on vaccinations. Do not handle elementary mercury. Do not use mercury thermometers. Avoid medications that contain mercury-based chemicals. Be aware of the air quality, water quality and soil quality of your environment. Do not grow produce in mercury contaminated soil. Do not use mercury-preserved seeds in your garden. Know where your fish and shellfish are harvested from. Become a label reader on all products and follow your common sense.
EXPECTED OUTCOME
Outcome is dependent upon levels of mercury in the body and the permanent or temporary damage done to the body and the type of therapy you use. Discuss your mercury test results with your health care provider and treatment options you may have available for your specific situation.
A general idea using one type of therapy: Using a proper protocol, e.g. DMSA every 3-4 hours on alternate weeks: 2-6 months to feel better. Then DMSA + LA every 3-4 hours 3 or 4 days every week or two to clear the brain and internal organs, 2-6 months to feel better. Continue supplements and diet control with continuing DMSA + LA chelation while healing takes place, another 4-30 months to good physical and mental health. Total time: 1 to 4 years if you stick with the program. After 5 years, you should feel better, but you may never be completely well, depending on the damage to your body.
Prognosis of mercury poisoning in mercury refinery workers.
Ann Acad Med Singapore. 1984 Apr;13(2 Suppl):389-93. He FS, Zhow XR, Lin BX, Xiung YP, Chen SY, Zhang SL, Ru JY, Deng MH.
The prognosis of chronic metallic mercury poisoning in two groups of patients from the mercury refinery of a mercury mine was evaluated by reexamination which included an interview, physical and neurological examination and determination of urinary mercury. Group I consisted of 70 male patients, who had been exposed to metallic mercury for 1.6-17.8 years, 15 of whom had been diagnosed 10 years earlier as having severe chronic metallic mercury poisoning, and the rest moderate chronic metallic mercury poisoning. At the time of reexamination, they had been removed from mercury exposure for 2 months-17 years. None of them had been treated with any chelating agent. Group 2 comprised 84 male patients from the same mercury mine, who had been exposed to metallic mercury for 2-10 years after 1962 and had been previously diagnosed as having mild chronic metallic mercury poisoning. They were reexamined after 2 months of hospital admission and chelation treatment with unithiol or sodium dimercaptosuccinate (Na-DMS). Based on clinical evaluation, the condition of the patients in both groups had all improved, even in the severe cases.
The overall prognosis of chronic metallic mercury poisoning in mercury refinery workers was encouraging after termination of mercury exposure. Chelation therapy with unithiol or Na-DMS was evidently beneficial for reducing urine mercury and some symptoms, but not for neurological and stomal signs.
PMID: 6497343 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
POSSIBLE COMPLICATIONS
Continued exposure will increase toxicity levels.
Development of various health disorders & diseases.
Permanent damage to various systems of the body including neurological, renal, cardiac, respiratory systems, brain damage, death.
Side effects may occur from mercury detoxification therapies. Some therapies will work better with fewer side effects than other therapies. Discuss your options with your health care provider about which therapy may be best for your particular situation.
Mercury poisoning mimics many other disorders and diseases. Misdiagnosis often occurs when a patient seeks medical help for a variety of symptoms. help
TREATMENT
GENERAL MEASURES
Prevention is always better than trying to find a cure for any disorder or disease, including heavy metal toxicity. Minimize your exposure to mercury (and other heavy metals, such as Lead) in your daily activities and employment sites. Be aware of your environment and what you eat and drink. Be aware of substances you apply to your skin and chemicals used in the home or at work. If a mercury thermometer or mercury switch breaks, use your common sense and carefully clean up the metallic mercury residue. There are commercial mercury cleanup kits available (see helpful products below) that can be kept available in the home or at work to help with cleanup issues. Waste disposal facilities usually have a way to dispose of toxic substances. It is helpful to know disposal protocols for your region before an accident occurs.
DIAGNOSIS
Mercury poisoning is suspected from clinical signs and history of exposure to mercury contamination. Definitive diagnosis can be made by detection of high levels of mercury in the stomach contents, kidney, and/or liver.
With special lab tests, your health care provider can evaluate the amount of mercury within the body. This can be done by measuring whole blood levels. Urine can also be used. Hair analysis is often recommended to test for heavy metals in the system. Make sure the test is performed by a reliable laboratory. When urine is measured, no chelator should be given that could increase provoked excretion and cause a false positive reading.
FOR TOXIC METALS IN BLOOD AND URINE
ARSENIC
Random urine < 35 µg/g creatinine (Not provoked with a chelator)
Whole blood (short half-life in blood) < 23 µg/L
(urine is more reliable for long-term exposure)
CADMIUM
Random urine < 2.0 µg/g creatinine (Not provoked with a chelator)
LEAD
Random urine < 150 µg/g creatinine (Not provoked with a chelator)
Whole blood < 19 µg/dL
OSHA upper limit < 40 µg/dL (upper limit for industrial exposure)
Provoked urine < 600 mcg total in 24 hour urine collected immediately after 2.0 gm oral DMSA or 1.0 gm IV EDTA
MERCURY
Random urine < 5 µg/g creatinine (Not provoked with a chelator)
Occupational limit in urine of exposed workers < 35 µg/g creatinine (Not provoked with a chelator)
Whole blood < 8.0 µg/L
Occupational limit in exposed workers < 15.0 µg/L
Hair < 15 µg/g (µg/g = ppm)
Hair mercury is considered a valid test if properly performed. The recent Seychelles Island study showed that hair mercury below 15 µg/g (mean 6.9 ppm, SD 4.5 ppm) did not cause any problems in pregnant mothers or their newborn infants, who were followed with extensive neurological testing for many years from birth onwards. The diet contained ocean fish 12 meals per week. The fish contained the same amount of methyl mercury as found elsewhere in the world.
The World Health Organization's guidelines maintain that the lowest level that could possibly be harmful to humans is 5 parts per million (ppm). This level is based on scientific results from the 1960s that placed the level at which risk begins at 50 ppm for most people; WHO then applied a safety factor of 10, deciding that a level of 5 or less is safe for even the most vulnerable populations. Now the University of Rochester team has conducted an extensive study in the Seychelles Islands of the most sensitive population -- young children -- where the average level is about 7 ppm, about 10 times the level of the U.S. population. The scientists found no harm from mercury at levels up to 15 ppm, nearly twice the average Seychelles level and about 20 times higher than the average U.S. level.
Environmental exposure: < 8.0 µg/L, individuals consuming large quantities of seafood may have values as high as 200.0 µg/L. Occupational exposure: BEI®: inorganic mercury (sampling time is end of shift at end of work week): < 15.0 µg/L.1
Acute and chronic mercury poisoning affects the kidneys, central nervous system, and the gastrointestinal tract. The three telltale symptoms of mercury poisoning are impaired articulation, irregularity of muscular action, and constricted visual fields. Mercury poisoning through chronic exposure to metallic and inorganic forms of mercury generally produce nervousness, lassitude, tremor, and mucous membrane irritation. Inorganic mercury poisoning is associated primarily with peripheral effects, including gastroenteritis and tubular nephritis, whereas organic compounds predominantly affect the central nervous system (CNS), which may be severe and irreversible.2
Chronic inorganic mercury poisoning is an occupational disease of smelters, mercury miners, gilders, and factory workers. Inhalation of mercury vapors may lead to pneumonitis, cough, fever, and other pulmonary symptoms. The most reliable way to measure exposure to inorganic mercury is to measure urinary mercury levels. Correlation between urine levels and symptoms is poor, however.
The most common nonindustrial source of mercury poisoning is the consumption of methyl mercury-contaminated fish. Organic mercury poisoning is best detected in whole blood, as this form of mercury is located mainly in the RBCs. Organic mercury poisoning may develop quickly and is usually a more serious disease.
BEI® are reference values intended as guidelines for evaluation of occupational exposure. BEI® represent biological levels of chemicals that correspond to workers with inhalation exposure equivalent to the threshold limit value (TLV®) of the chemicals. TLV®s refer to the airborne concentrations of substances and represent conditions under which it is believed that nearly all workers may be repeatedly exposed, day after day, without adverse health effects.3
FOOTNOTES
1. BEI® (Biological Exposure Indices) based on 2004 Recommendations of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH).
2. Baselt RC and Cravey RH, Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man, 4th ed, Chemical Toxicology Institute, 1995.
3. TLV®s and BEI®s, Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices 2002, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH).
REFERENCES:
Jacobs DS, DeMott WR, Oxley DK, et al, Laboratory Test Handbook With Key Word Index, 5th ed, Hudson, OH: Lexi-Comp Inc, 2001.
Baselt RC, Cravey RH: Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man, 4th ed, Chemical Toxicology Institute, 1995
Last modified: February 10, 2007 By Dr. Elmer Cranton, M.D.
Mount Rainier Clinic, Inc.
503 First Street South, Suit #1
Yelm, Washington 98597, USA
Phone: 360-458-1061
Fax: 360-458-1661
Website: www.drcranton.com
Please Note: Dr. Cranton's website has many articles about chelation therapy. The Mount Rainier Clinic was founded by Elmer M. Cranton, M.D., Emeritus, and is staffed by John A. Cranton, ARNP. The Clinic provides alternative, complementary, and integrative medicine, with an emphasis on evidence based scientific therapies to enhance patients' inherent ability to heal, to sustain vigorous health, and to avoid premature aging. Specialties include EDTA chelation therapy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), clinical nutrition, primary care, geriatrics, internal medicine, family medicine, age management, chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, and cardiovascular disease.
Heavy Metal Toxicity, Mercury, Etc. Provocative Urine Mercury Test Mercury Fillings & Detoxification clinical Toxicology of Mercury Testing For Toxic Elements Treatment of Mercury & Lead Poisoning With DMSA & Not DMPS Mercury Testing: Often Performed Incorrectly Causing False High Results Provocative Urine Mercury Test
Greenpeace started the Mercury Hair Sampling Project as a response to President Bush's failure to clean up power plant mercury pollution. Switching from coal and oil to wind and solar energy would reduce pollution and its negative health impacts, help solve global warming and create jobs.
If you suspect you may have acute metal poisoning, you need to obtain medical assistance immediately. This is a medical emergency. See the assistance of a qualified medical toxicologist.
TREATMENT - AMALGAM REPLACEMENT
First thing usually recommended concerns amalgam tooth fillings. Most people are encouraged have amalgam dental fillings replaced before chelation therapy is started. There are risks involved with dental filling replacements. Many dentists will recommend that you replace your amalgams with plastic composites. Blood tests are available which will measure your sensitivity and reactions to the various materials used. You don't want to have an allergic reaction. There are several steps involved in amalgam replacement. If the dentist doesn't do the job properly, the filling will leak, allowing bacteria to reach the dentin, resulting in decay, sensitivity and pain. Most composites will only last 5 to 7 years for many people. Others may have them last 10 to 12 years. Then they will need to be replaced. This may result in more trauma to the tooth. Dentists say that composites should not be used on occlusal (biting) surfaces, that these materials are not strong enough to bear such pressure, and will wear much more quickly on those surfaces. It takes considerable time to replace fillings using composites.
Some people prefer not to use plastic composites. Instead they use bonded restorations (manufactured inlays) which are superior to plastic composites for durability and longevity. They are more expensive and it takes two visits instead of one, but they may be worth the extra time and expense in the long run. Ask your dentist about Targis Vectris, Empress, or Cerac manufactured inlays.
Amalgam replacement involves trauma to the tooth, and the chances of fractures, root canals and extractions. If you must have a root canal, you should investigate the use of biocalix as filling material, rather than gutta percha. Recent research indicates that biocalix discourages the growth of anaerobic bacteria in the canals.
CHEMICAL DETOXIFICATION
The science of metal detoxification is still in its early development. Patients who choose this course of treatment should know that they are engaging in experimental medicine with all of its health care providers and sometimes at substantial risk.
Detoxification protocols may involve a diet and supplement program, exercise, saunas, and the use of oral or injectable chelators such as DMSA and DMPS. Some health care providers will even use injections of procaine. However, the safety of such injections is the subject of significant controversy.
For most people the proper chelation protocol using DMSA (Dimercaptosuccinic acid) and LA (Lipoic Acid) is: Starting 4 days after the last filling is replaced, 50-100 mg DMSA every 4 hours (including getting up at night to take a dose) for 2-6 months, until urine mercury is reduced 80%. Then DMSA 50-100 mg + LA (Lipoic Acid) 50-200 mg every 3-4 hours (including getting up at night to take a dose) for about 3 days per week. When you feel all better, keep going for a few months. You may need to do this anywhere from 6 to 36 months depending on how sick you were to start and how hard your body holds on to the mercury. It is important to keep taking your supplements and medicines during the whole time you are chelating.
You want to make sure your liver, kidneys and gastrointestinal track are functioning as well as possible before and during your detoxification. Glutathione is the body's natural mechanism for dealing with mercury. It is important to keep those levels high and normal. Other dietary and nutrient recommendations will be determine by your own individual needs and should be guided by your health care provider.
Saunas are encouraged in mercury toxic patients, as mercury levels are elevated in the sweat of such patients. Moderate exercise is also recommended by some practitioners.
Vitamin C may be recommended intravenously by some practitioners at the time of amalgam replacement and during the course of detoxification. There doesn't seem to be any evidence that vitamin C reduces mercury toxicity. However, it can provide valuable antioxidant effects.
CHELATING MEDICATIONS
Dimercaprol: An anti-gas warfare agent that is effective against Lewisite (dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine) and formerly known as British Anti-Lewisite or BAL. It was developed by the British during World War II as a chelation agent for arsenic (Lewisite arsenic poison used by the British and Germans) during trench warfare in World War I. It is administered via deep IM injections. It acts as a chelating agent and is used in the treatment of arsenic, gold, mercury, and lead poisoning. About 50% is rapidly metabolized to inactive metabolites.
Penicillamine: a drug (trade name Cuprimine or Depen) used to treat heavy metal poisoning and Wilson's disease (an inherited disorder affecting copper metabolism, causing cirrhosis and brain and eye problems) and severe rheumatoid arthritis. Penicillamine is a beta dimethyl analog of the amino acid cysteine. As a degradation product of penicillin antibiotics, penicillamine chelates with heavy metals and increases their urinary excretion. Possessing anti-neoplastic properties, penicillamine induces apoptosis by a p53-mediated mechanism and inhibits angiogenesis by chelating with copper, a cofactor for angiogenesis. It removes excess copper and also binds to and removes iron. Peniciliamine is normally only available by prescription.
DMSA: Dimercapto Succinic Acid (Succimer) is a drug which is approved by the FDA for use in acute metal poisoning. Succimer is available by its trade name, Chemet (oral form). It is available in intravenous (IV) or oral forms. DMSA can be used to remove (chelate) mercury in the body. It can also be used to remove lead and arsenic from the body. It is not effective for other heavy metals. DMSA should be used after any dental work related to amalgam (silver-mercury) fillings. DMSA can be used by people with existing amalgam fillings to remove mercury from the body tissues. Periodic treatments can be repeated as the existing amalgam fillings continue to leach mercury into the body.
DMSA is considered to be much safer than DMPS. In research studies, DMPS proved to be three times more toxic than DMSA. Its been told that DMSA is much less likely to bind to the beneficial minerals, as DMPS does. In addition, there are claims that DMSA will cross the blood brain barrier to access mercury accumulations in the brain. Chemists say that it will not. However, when any chelator loses its bond to the toxic metal, it can drop the metal into the bloodstream. From there, certain forms of metals can cross the blood brain barrier.
DMSA is commonly prescribed as an oral administration. This makes it more convenient for the patient, less profitable for the health care provider. Oral administration is generally safer, because a patient can start with a low dose to test tolerance levels. If you're having a bad reaction, you can stop, or reduce the dosage.
DMSA binds with mercury, arsenic, lead, and probably with antimony, bismuth, and gold, hastening excretion from the body. The usual adult dose for mercury removal is 500 mg DMSA (five 100 milligram capsules) on an empty stomach on first arising in the morning with a glass of water or juice, and no food for another 30 minutes. This dose is taken 3 days per week with at least one day between each dose. Monday, Wednesday and Friday is a convenient schedule. This is continued for 3 months. Then wait another month without DMSA before retesting mercury levels in the body, allowing mercury to equilibrate with blood and body fluids.
By contrast, DMPS is commonly given by infusion or injection (parenteral administration). Controlling an adverse reaction is difficult, if not impossible, when this mode of administration is used.
DMPS: 2,3-Dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid (DMPS) was developed in the Soviet Union in 1956 for the purpose of removing radioactive polonium 210 from contaminated workers in the nuclear industry. DMPS is also related to another chelating agent, Dimercaprol, listed above. DMPS is NOT approved by the FDA and is rarely used in the practice of medicine since the development of oral DMSA for the chelation of mercury, arsenic and lead. FDA approval occurs when a new drug has gone through monitored clinical trials which assess the drug's metabolic effects on the various physiological systems. From such trials, protocols for safe and effective use are developed, and side effects and contraindications are made known. This has not been done for DMPS. (Even FDA approved drugs are not totally safe. Always read the drug inserts carefully before taking a prescription or nonprescription drug.) DMPS remains an unapproved drug. Don't be fooled by DMPS advocates who say that DMPS is 'allowed' by the FDA. It is not. Unless special permission is given by the FDA, it is not lawful for physicians to use it, nor is it lawful for pharmacies to compound it.
Physicians, patients, researchers, biochemists, toxicologists and others have commented about this drug. The majority of patients who try DMPS will not have a serious adverse reaction. (Nor will this majority experience any significant improvement in their conditions as a result of using DMPS.) Most patients will have only mild side effects. A minority of patients will experience some benefit. This benefit would also have occurred by using oral DMSA. Another minority of patients will experience a serious adverse reaction. This is a disabling reaction which lasts for weeks, months or more. Because neither physicians nor patients are reporting these adverse reactions, it is impossible to know just how high this percentage is. Estimates by those who have taken an interest in this drug indicate that the incidence of serious adverse reactions is anywhere from 5% (a victim/researcher) to 20% (a physician and a pharmacist). DMPS is used to remove heavy metals from the body. However, sometimes DMPS can have the reverse effect. It can actually induce metal poisoning.
There are various theories about why DMPS can be devastating to some people. One compelling theory is that DMPS frees up stored mercury, but is unable to maintain its bond to all that it has shaken loose. That permits the now loose mercury to enter the bloodstream and be redistributed to other places in the body, doing new damage. Remember that these chelators merely mobilize mercury. It takes properly functioning excretory systems to remove the now DMPS-bound metals from the body. People who have tried systemic chelators as a way of detoxing are sometimes finding out only too late that EDTA, DMPS or DMSA draws the metal toxins out of the cells and bones (where the body sequesters them as conjugates with glutathione, metallothionine and phosphates, respectively) and then dumps them into the bloodstream where they poison the immune and nervous systems, and vital organs. Consequently these individuals can remain extremely toxic and incapacitated for years after their `detoxing', or perhaps one should say 'retoxing'. DMPS is potentially too toxic to use and no longer used by practitioners in the practice of medicine.
Desferal: Also known as Deferoxamine or Desferrioxamine, is a subcutaneous detox agent for the removal of aluminum and excess iron from the body. Desferal binds to free iron in the bloodstream for elimination in the urine. Excess iron can damage various organs of the body including the liver and has been implicated in coronary artery disease. See Desferal for further information.
Na-EDTA or EDTA (Edetate Disodium) forms chelates with polyvalent metals, especially calcium, thus increasing their urinary excretion. EDTA is commonly used to chelate calcium from the arterial system and thereby reduce hardening of the arteries, but the claims are controversial. It has also been found effective for the removal of aluminum and other metals. One possible disadvantage is the redistribution of toxic heavy metals to others areas of the body rather than complete removal. More information is available at Gordon Research. Disodium EDTA has been used to increase nitric oxide in the arteries of diseased heart muscle. According to some practitioners, EDTA has little or no effect on mercury in the body, probably because mercury binds more tightly to other molecules and is present as organic methyl mercury. Mercury removal is the one problem for which oral treatment is the best choice, using DMSA by mouth.
Ca-EDTA (Edetate calcium disodium) exchanges the calcium atom with a heavy metal atom to form stable EDTA complexes that are excreted in urine. Ca-EDTA is therefore ineffective in the removal of calcium from the arterial system. Disodium EDTA should be used to treat hardening of the arteries.
Intravenous Vitamin C has been used by dentists to detox mercury from within the colon during amalgam removal. It is also used to detox lead and aluminum. Oral vitamin C is less effective because bowel tolerance reduces the amount that can be taken.
Synthetic chelators are powerful drugs with potentially serious side effects. It is encouraged that all patients to conduct their own investigations (for themselves and their loved ones) before beginning a mercury detoxification program, especially one involving synthetic chelators. Always check with your health care provider before using any alternative or complementary treatment, or before stopping any other treatment to use alternative approaches. Some treatments may be of dubious value, and certain alternative treatments can be dangerous in some cases.
MERCURY DETOX DIET USED WITH DMPS CHELATION
(Dr. Mercola's Mercury Detoxification Protocol)
Avoid all sugar and milk, limit all processed foods and most grains, especially wheat.
A high protein diet is important as the sulfur bearing amino acids in the protein will greatly facilitate detoxification. Do NOT attempt to fast during DMPS mercury detoxification. If you are a vegetarian you will be at HIGH risk for complications from DMPS unless you have a large amount of protein. Whey protein can be used as a supplement as it is high in glutathione and branched chain amino acids. Two large tablespoons are used per drink and that can be taken once a day and twice a day for the week prior to DMPS chelation.
Whey Protein Powder, Premium, w/Glutamine, Natural Vanilla Flavor, NOW Foods, 1 lb.
Whey Protein Powder, NOW Foods, Dutch Chocolate, 2 lbs.
Whey Protein Supplements & Products
Autistic children can't use a product if it contains casein. They can use pure branched chain amino acids. You can start with one capsule twice daily and mix with food. Work up to two capsules twice a day for the week prior to DMPS chelation.
Acidophilus - Take one quarter to one half teaspoon once a day of a high potency high quality strain. It is vital to have an optimized bowel flora for detoxification. Homemade yogurt with active cultures helps to restore "good bacteria" in the digestive system or you can use an acidophilus complex supplement.
Acidophilus Powder, Non-Dairy, 4 oz. Bulk
Acidophilus, 3 Billion, NOW Foods, 90 Tabs
Acidophilus & Bifidus, NOW Foods, 8 Billion, 60 Caps
Maintain two to three bowel movements per day. If you are not having this many bowel movements make certain that your thyroid status has been checked. It is very common for mercury to affect the thyroid. If your thyroid function is fine then you should add some magnesium.
If you are on long-term magnesium it is important to take some calcium with it or after awhile you will develop an imbalance in your calcium magnesium ratio (2 parts calcium : 1 part magnesium) which could result in severe cramping.
Freshly ground flax seed several teaspoons per day will facilitate intestinal movement and also contribute some healthy essential fatty acids.
Unload the connective tissue with Chlorella or ProChitosan Chlorella and ProChitosan are an important part of the detoxification program, as approximately 90% of the mercury in our bodies is eliminated through the stool. Chlorella is an algae and, unlike Protchitosan, has protein high levels of chlorophyll and other nutrients which can be used for nourishment. The chlorella powder is the most cost effective approach but some people will prefer the tablets or capsules for convenience. A simple way to dissolve the powder is to place it in a container with a lid partially filled with water. Then tighten the lid and shake to dissolve and drink the solution.
Caution: About 30% of people can not tolerate chlorella. This may be due to optimized function of the enzyme cellulase. If you are unable to tolerate this it would be wise to consider adding an enzyme with cellulase in it to help digest the chlorella.
Dose: One can start out with a one quarter of a teaspoon of the powder (one 500 mg tablet) once a day initially to confirm that there is no hypersensitivity present. Work up slowly over one to two weeks to a dose of one teaspoon (ten tablets or capsules) per day. Once you tolerate this dose you are able to use it to bind the mercury. Use this dose starting two days prior to your chelation and for one day afterwards. The chlorella will thoroughly coat your intestine and bind like a sponge to any mercury that the DMPS liberates into the gut. The above dose is based on a 150 pound adult. If you are using the program for children reduce the dose proportionately. (So a 30 pound child would have have 30/150 or 1/5 (20%) of the dose).
Caution: If at any time one develops nausea or starts "burping up" the chlorella taste then the chlorella should be stopped immediately as a food sensitivity is developing which will only worsen if you continue taking it. If this happens you should switch to ProChitosan This binds similarly to mercury. Its dose is dependent on your bowel movements. If you have one bowel movement a day or less you should start two days prior to the DMPS. If you have two or more bowel movements you can start 24 hours prior to the DMPS. Stay on it for 24 hours after the DMPS. So you will be on it either two or three days. The dose is two capsules three times a day. Be sure to drink it with plenty of water and increase magnesium if constipation develops. Porphrazyme from Biotics Research is another alternative to chlorella that many clinicians have had success with in mercury detoxification.
Chlorella Powder, NOW Foods, 100% Pure, 4 oz.
Start Garlic or MSM. It would be wise to start on garlic regularly to enhance sulfur stores. Use the food, rather than the supplement garlic. Try to get in three cloves per day, but decrease the dose if your odor becomes socially offensive. Children will have proportionately lower doses. MSM is a form of sulfur which will help your body to remove the mercury. The initial dose is one capsule twice a day. Increase by one capsule a day until you are at three capsules twice a day. If you have root canals and are chronically sick you may want to increase to five capsules three times a day.
MSM Supplement (Methylsulfonylmethane), 1,000 mg, 120 Caps Pure Lignisul
MSN Liquid, Pure Lignisul, 16 fl. oz.
Cilantro will help mobilize mercury out of the tissue so the DMPS can attach to it and allow it to be excreted from the body. The dose is one dropper applied on the wrists and rubbed in twice a day for the two weeks preceding the DMPS IV. It is used the morning prior to the DMPS chlelation but can be stopped for the following two weeks. The tincture is also particularly useful for any joint pain and could be rubbed on the joint that is hurting as an alternative. You can also augment the tincture with using the herb. It is not as potent, but certainly will add to the program. However, like chlorella, many people are sensitive to oral cilantro. So, if you develop any nausea or discomfort after eating cilantro do not use it orally.
Mineral Replacement - It is important to have a generally healthy mineral base. The body works better with toxic metals than no metals at all. Enzymes have certain binding sites that require a metal for them to perform their function as a catalyst. When you are deficient in magnesium, sodium, zinc and other minerals, the body does not let go of the toxic metals very easily. Selenium and zinc are particularly important trace mineral in mercury detoxification and should be used for most people. Generally the citrate form of minerals works quite nicely unless one has an low blood phosphorous level. It is important to not take copper or iron though unless a clinician has examined a hair analysis and or blood work and recommended these minerals.
Hydrochloric Acid - If you do not have a sufficient amount of hydrochloric acid secreted by your stomach then it will be very difficult to ionize mineral supplements to absorb them properly. There is a hydrochloric acid reflex present on the lowest rib approximately one inch lateral to the midline. If this area on the rib is tender to palpation there is a strong likelihood the person is deficient in hydrochloric acid and would benefit from supplementation. This is especially common in individuals over 50 years old, and also in individuals with food allergies. One to six capsules or more of Betaine hydrochloride is generally taken with the first bite of every meal for proper digestive support. The Betaine can be discontinued once the reflex point in non-tender to deep palpation.
Monitoring Your Mineral Dosing: It will be very important to monitor your mineral levels during the detoxification program. This should be done initially and at least every 6-12 weeks. I only recommend two labs to do this work. Trace Elements and Analytical Research as they are the only two labs that do not wash the hair samples prior to analysis.
Digestion and Gall Bladder Support for Autism - Liver and gallbladder congestion are major issues in states of toxicity. To insure that your gallbladder bile flow is functional add magnesium taurate or taurine, butyric acid. The dose of the Butyrex initially is 1/8-1/4 of capsule. Gradually increase the dose to 5 capsules 3 times daily. The Butyrex has a offensive odor which is lessened by keeping it in the freezer. Additionally inserting the powder in applesauce, raw honey or elderberry cough syrup may improve compliance. Digestive enzymes (containing lipase) and CCK (stimulates contraction of the gall bladder. These can be used one hour after meals containing fat. CCK is taken after dinner (high fat meal). Young children 1/4 tablet. Older children 1/2 tablet. Teenagers 1 tablet. Adults 2 to 4 tablets. Your ability to clear toxins will be impaired if you do not have proper fats to support digestive function. Your diet should contain adequate fat from unprocessed pure oils. sunflower, safflower, sesame, OR fats naturally found in foods: seeds, nuts, avocado, free range organic poultry, eggs, or meats.
Antioxidants - Vitamin C and E. It would be wise to take Unique vitamin E one capsule per day and about 250-500 mg of vitamin C with each meal. If you are exercising aggressively you can take 1,000 mg of C 15-30 minutes prior to exercising. It is also wise to consider adding 2-4,000 mg of Vitamin C powder to a half gallon of water and drinking that throughout the day.
It will be VERY important to take 2,000 units (typically five of the 400 unit capsules) of vitamin E the day of and the day after the DMPS injection as this will decrease the side effects of the detoxification reaction considerably. You can also take 1-2 grams of vitamin C immediately prior to the DMPS injection.
Start Monthly DMPS Injections, Suppositories or Transdermal. You should have DMPS if you still have amalgam fillings. If they have been removed the injections can be started on a monthly basis. Collection of the urine is then done to analyze how much mercury is being excreted. One must urinate completely prior to the injection. The analysis may be done at 90 minutes, but some other practitioners do four or 24 hour collections. The DMPS injections are generally given about six times or until the level drops into single digits or you are feeling better.
For pediatric patients - DMSA mercury chelation by IV is not recommended by many practitioners for children. Since an IV is such a traumatic event for most children it is probably wise to use a rectal suppository version of DMPS. Another alternative is to apply the dose transdermally with DMSO. This is very similar to the way that the hormone secretin is being used for many autistic patients. The dose is 5 mg of DMPS per kg of body weight and is generally given once a month. The urine collection for pediatric patients incorporates a bag to collect the urine for mercury analysis.
DMPS Alternative - Some people do not tolerate DMPS well. This is especially true for those who have damage in the central nervous system, such as those with MS or ALS or children with fragile brain architecture. If this is the case there are several options. PCA (peptid clathrating agent) spray can be used. The dose is 4 sprays under the tongue every day or every other day. One may use a dipeptide amino acid or mixed mineral succinates.
Unless otherwise specified, the dosages recommended here are for adults. For children between the ages of 12 and 17, reduce the dose to 3/4 of the recommended amount. For children between 6 and 12, use 1/2 of the recommended amount. For children under the age of 6, use 1/4 of the recommended amount.
Nutrients Supplement Suggested Dosage Comments Essential Glutathione
Plus
L-Methionine
And
L-CysteineAs directed on label, on an empty stomach. take with water or juice. Do not take with milk. Take with 50 mg vitamin B-6 and 100 mg Vitamin C for better absorption. Needed for sulfur. Also helps to detoxify harmful metals and toxins. L-Glutathione, NOW Foods, 250 mg, 60 Caps, L-Methionine, NOW Foods, 500 mg, Plus B-6, 10 mg, 100 Caps, L-Cysteine HCL, W/ Vitamin B-6 & Vitamin C, Vegetarian Formula, NOW Foods, 500 mg, 100 Tabs Selenium 200 mcg daily, in divided doses. If your are pregnant, do not exceed 40 mcg daily. Neutralizes the effects of mercury. Selenium, NOW Foods, 200 mcg, 180 Caps Very Important Apple Pectin As directed on label. Aids in removing toxic metals from the body. Apple Pectin, 500 mg, 100 caps, Twinlab, Complete Cleansing & Anti-Toxin System, 2 Part System (with Apple Pectin included) Garlic (Kyolic or Fresh) Kyolic: 2 capsules 3 times daily.
Fresh: 2-3 cloves with meals 3 times daily.Acts as a natural detoxifier, stimulates the immune system and aids in healing. Odorless Garlic Supplement, NOW Foods, 2500 mg, 250 Softgels, Garlic Oil Tincture, Alcohol Free, Nature's Way, 1 fl. oz. Kelp 1,000-1,500 mg daily. A rich source of minerals. Aids the body in removing toxins. Kelp Seaweed Norwegian, NOW Foods, 100% Natural acophyllum nodosum, 550 mg, 250 Caps, Kelp Seaweed Norwegian Powder, Lammaria digitata, 4 oz. Bulk, Kelp Seaweed Norwegian Tincture, 100% Organic, 2 fl. oz. Alfalfa 1,000-1,500 mg daily. Alfalfa contains valuable nutrients and helps the body to eliminate toxins. Alfalfa Leaves, Nature's Way, 405 mg, 100 Caps, Alfalfa, NOW Foods, 650 mg (10 grain), 500 Tabs, Alfalfa Tincture, 100% Organic, 2 fl. oz. Vitamin A
Plus
Carotenoid Complex with Beta-Carotene25,000 IU Daily.
15,000 IU
If you are pregnant, do not exceed 10,000 IU daily of Vitamin A.Vitamin A is a powerful antioxidant destroys free radicals. Carotenoid Complex is a powerful free radical scavenger. Beta Carotene *Natural Dunaliella salina), Nature's Way, 100% Natural, 25,000 IU, 100 Softgels, Vitamin A, 10,000 IU, 100% Natural, Nature's Way, 100 Softgels Vitamin C with BioFlavonoids 4,000-10,000 mg daily. Helps remove metals and strengthens the immune system. Vitamin C Liquid, w/Rose Hips & Bioflavonoids, Kosher, Natural Citrus Flavor, 1000 mg, 16 fl. oz., Dynamic Health, Vitamin C 1000 w/Bioflavonoids, Nature's Way, 100% Natural, 1000 mg, 250 Vcaps Very Important Vitamin B complex 100 mg twice daily, with meals. Important for the functioning and protection of the brain. Ultimate B, B Complex Formula, Nature's Secret, 60 Tabs Helpful Brewer's Yeast As directed on label. A good source of B vitamins. Brewers Yeast, NOW Foods, 650 mg, 200 Tabs, Brewers Yeast, Debittered, NOW Foods, 1 lb. Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) As directed on label. To aid digestion. Take this supplement if you are over 40 and are deficient in HCL. Betaine HCl (hydrochloric acid), NOW Foods, 120 Caps Lecithin Granules or capsules Granules: 1 tbsp 3 times daily, before meals. Capsules: 1,200 mg 3 times daily, before meals. Protects brain cells from mercury poisoning. Lecithin Vegetarian Granules, NOW Foods, 97% Phosphatides, Identity Preserved Non-GE, 1 lb., Lecithin, Nature's Way, 1,200 mg, 100 Softgels
HELPFUL DETOX PRODUCTS
L-Glutathione: L-Glutathione is a tripeptide amino acid produced in the liver primarily from cysteine. L-Glutathione acts as a cellular antioxidant by inhibiting free radical proliferation. Glutathione (GSH) is a key element of the livers detoxifying process, and also the precursor for glutathione peroxidase, a major free radical scavenging enzyme. Recent scientific research indicates that molybdenum, a trace mineral that activates the enzymes aldehyde oxidase and sulfite oxidase, may provide necessary nutritional support for chemically sensitive individuals. Coenzymated vitamin B-2 (riboflavin) is the precursor for FAD, a coenzyme that recycles used GSH. As a dietary supplement, take 1 capsule daily, preferably with meals.
L-Glutathione, NOW Foods, 250 mg, 60 Softgels
L-Methionine is an essential sulfur amino acid. The body cannot produce L-Methionine, which must be obtained from food or supplement sources. It is the principle supplier of sulfur which prevents disorders of the hair, skin and nails. Helps lower cholesterol levels by increasing the liver's production of lecithin. Reduces liver fat and protects the kidneys. A natural chelating / chelation agent for heavy metals. Regulates the formation of ammonia and creates ammonia-free urine which reduces bladder irritation. Influences hair follicles and promotes hair growth. Suggested Usage: As a dietary supplement take 1 To 2 Capsules daily, preferably on a empty stomach or as directed.
L-Methionine, NOW Foods, 500 mg, Plus B-6, 10 mg, 100 Caps
L-Cysteine: L Cysteine is a non-essential amino acid that is an important component of hair, nails and the keratin of the skin. L-Cysteine stabilizes protein structure and aids in the formation of collagen, thereby promoting healthy skin, hair and nail texture. It is used in the treatment of respiratory disorders such as chronic bronchitis. It stimulates white blood cell activity in the immune system to help build resistance to disease. Faster recovery from surgical operations and burns is another benefit. Take one tablet 2 to 3 times a day.
L-Cysteine HCL, W/ Vitamin B-6 & Vitamin C, Vegetarian Formula, NOW Foods, 500 mg, 100 Tabs
Selenium: Foods Selenium Supplement is an important part of antioxidant enzymes that protect cells. Selenium is an essential trace mineral and functions as part of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione perioxidase. It is bonded to the essential sulfur amino acid, methionine, in a naturally occuring form as found in the diet. Selenium is found most abundantly in Brazil Nuts, organ meats, seafood, and wheat germ. Selenium is an essential trace mineral in the human body. Selenium is an important part of antioxidant enzymes that protect cells against the effects of free radicals that are produced during normal oxygen metabolism. The body has developed defenses such as antioxidants to control levels of free radicals because they can damage cells and contribute to the development of some chronic diseases. Selenium is also essential for normal functioning of the immune system and thyroid gland. Suggested Use: As a dietary supplement, take one capsule daily, preferably with meals.
Selenium, NOW Foods, 200 mcg, 180 Caps
Vitamin E: Vitamin E Softgels are made of 100% natural d-alpha tocopherol from purified soy oil, provided in a once-daily oil soluble softgel suppplement. Vitamin E is a potent well researched and publicized antioxidant necessary in human nutrition. Antioxidants in Vitamin E help combat free radicals and oxidants, molecules which damage fats and cells. Specifically, Vitamin E is helpful in preventing oxidation of LDL cholesterol. Recommended Daily Dosage: Take one softgel daily with water.
Vitamin E, d-alpha tocopherol, 400 IU, Nature's Way, 100% Natural, 100 Gels
Apple-Pectin: Apple Pectin - The Highest Quality Apple Pectin USP With Vitamin C Apple pectin is a powdered preparation extracted from dried apples using acidified water and precipitated by grain alcohol, purified and dried. It is a fiber that may be beneficial for cholesterol levels, atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries), diabetes, and may inhibit cancer metastases. Apple pectin fiber aids in correcting constipation, and promotes digestive health by promoting a healthy intestinal flora. Well tolerated by most highly allergic individuals, Apple pectin is a very popular dietary supplement.
The complete Cleansing and Anti-Toxin System (contains apple pectin) is a great way to begin a health program. It works in two stages just as the body's own cleansing and anti-toxin system works in two parts. In part one, a combination of herbs and trace minerals helps the body filter out the toxins and waste products. In part two, we use a combination of psyllium seed powder, whole psyllium husk and apple fiber which gently sweeps and cleanses the bowel. The fiber allows for a thorough cleanse without the discomfort of diarrhea. We then add a high potency nine strain acidophilus complex to aid in the establishment of healthy intestinal flora and tone the intestinal tract. The trace minerals in our cleansing formula act as a catalyst for the herbs and help eliminate heavy metal toxicities. Best of all, it's completely natural, so you can cleanse your body without interrupting your lifestyle. Used occasionally, it's a great way to begin the road to optimum health.
Complete Cleansing & Anti-Toxin System, 2 Part System (with Apple Pectin included)
Hydrochloric Acid: Betaine Hydrochloride with Pepsin is formulated for maximum potency. It combines Betaine Hydrochloride (naturally occurring in beets) with pepsin that is standardized to national formulary requirements. Suggested Dosage or Use: As a dietary supplement, take 1 or 2 capsules just before each meal. Begin with one capsule daily and gradually increase.
Betaine HCl (hydrochloric acid), NOW Foods, 120 Caps
Lecithin Granules or Caps: Lecithin is a naturally occurring compound found in all cells in nature, plant and animal. It plays a major role in almost all biological processes - including nerve transmission, breathing and energy production. The word lecithin is taken from the Greek Lekithos, which means "egg yolk". A fitting name for this essential nutrient, for the egg is considered a symbol of life, strength and fertility. Lecithin is important for all of these biological functions and more. Our brain is approximately 30% Lecithin. The insulating myelin sheaths that protect the brain, spine and thousands of miles of nerves in in your body are almost two-thirds Lecithin. Lecithin is composed of many different components, including Choline, Inositol, Linoleic Acid, Phosphatidylserine, beneficial fatty acids and triglycerides. These valuable constituents of Lecithin are vital for the proper functioning of many metabolic processes. As a dietary supplement, Lecithin helps to support the liver and aids in the metabolism of fat. It is a mixture of phospholipids, and the powder foams up and emulsifies to escort fat and cholesterol out of the body. It also releases phosphatidyl choline, which nourishes the brain. Lecithin is used to strengthen the heart as it clears the blood vessels of cholesterol. It is used in weight loss programs to help dissolve fat.
Lecithin Vegetarian Granules, NOW Foods, 97% Phosphatides, Identity Preserved Non-GE, 1 lb., Lecithin, Nature's Way, 1,200 mg, 100 Softgels
EDTA chelation therapy for the detoxification for heavy metals has been in continuous use since the 1940s when it was introduced specifically for the treatment of lead poisoning. It was very quickly observed that as the metals were eliminated, not only did the signs and symptoms of lead poisoning abate, but problems related to the circulatory system like heart attacks, angina, strokes, and peripheral vascular disease also improved. For the past 50 years, well over one million people have received the intravenous form of EDTA chelation. As beneficial and life saving as this therapy has become, it is very expensive and very time-consuming, making it out of reach for most people.
Detoxamin EDTA Chelation Therapy, Time Release Calcium Disodium EDTA, 30 Suppositories, 750 mg
HERBAL & HOLISTIC RECOMMENDATIONS
Eat organically grown foods, especially beans, onions, garlic, for added sulfur, which helps protect the body against toxic substances.
Drink water, only steam distilled. Drink plenty of pure fresh fruit and vegetable juices.
Supplement your diet with plenty of diber (oat bran is a good source) and pectin (found in apples). Always take supplemental fiber separately from other supplements and medications.
Eat fish in moderation, and always broil it, do not bast it in its juices. While some fish may contain mercury, fish also contains compounds called alkylglycerols, which help to remove mercury from the body. It there is mercury in the fish, it is primarily stored in the fat. By broiling the fish and draining the juices, you will get rid of much of the fat and retain the beneficial alkylglycerols.
If you suspect mercury toxicity, have a hair analysis performed. This can detect toxic levels of mercury. Mercury does not show up in urine or blood samples.
Note: Bulk herbs are available through Mountain Rose Herbs. Nutritional supplements, tinctures, powders, and other helpful products are available through HerbalRemedies.com. See links below.
Mountain Rose Bulk Herbs
Mountain Rose Aromatherapy Oils
Mountain Rose Herbs, Aromatherapy Oils A-B
Mountain Rose Herbs, Aromatherapy Oils C-E
Mountain Rose Herbs, Aromatherapy Oils F-L
Mountain Rose Herbs, Aromatherapy Oils M-P
Mountain Rose Herbs, Aromatherapy Oils Q-Z
Mountain Rose Herbs, Aromatherapy Oils: Oil Blends & Resins
Mountain Rose Herbs, Aromatherapy Oils: Diffusers, Nebulizers, & Burners
Mountain Rose Herbs, Aromatherapy Oils: Oil Kits
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NOTIFY YOUR MIDWIFE OR HEALTH CARE PROVIDER IF...
You or a family member has been exposed to mercury and/or experience symptoms of mercury toxicity.
Symptoms worsen despite treatment or new, unexpected symptoms develop during treatment.
Drugs used in mercury dextoxification may produce some side effects. Contact your health care provider if you experience any unexpected side effects.
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